Middle School Speech Essay

I have been at Englewood School for four years. I am pleased to say that during these years I have created new friends and lived many exciting experiences. As a new student in third grade, my classmates and teachers made me feel as if I was among my family. From class time discussions to Christmas plays, we have enjoyed every single day within this community. Days filled with joy, laughter, and even sometimes sorrows have been our foundation to move to our next step. Our teachers have completed their mission and successfully prepared us for middle school. Our future experiences will be influenced from the exciting and moving moments that we cherish from the elementary years. Although we cannot go back to relive the moments we have spent together, we will remember them forever. During the upcoming years we will encounter difficult tasks but those will only make us stronger. We have to look forward to this new beginning. We must work hard, enjoy and above all, we must always stand together and united as we are today. The change we will face is not an easy one. As every other class before us we have been the oldest and the roles models for the little ones. Now, we will enter a new stage in which we will be the youngest and the new kids on the block. As we live new experiences, we must be prepared to win or lose. As long as we make the best of it, we will not regret it when looked back. Today we close a chapter of our school life. Tomorrow we begin writing another. Let us make that writing on our new chapter an interesting one. Thank you for being part of this class and let’s enjoy our future together.

Moral issues in like water for chocolate

Esquivel’s creates loose morals in several ways. First, she begins with the title â€Å"Like water for chocolate.† A locution which translates as â€Å"Water to the boiling point,† and is used as a simile in Mexico to describe any event or relationship that is so intense, hot, and extraordinary that it can only be compared to scalding water on the verge of boiling point. The second is the relationship between Pedro and Josephina, known as Tita. Born the youngest, of the three sisters, she is destined by Mexican culture to take care of her tyrannical righteous mother, Mama Elena, until she dies. The mother-daughter relationship is fraught with difficulty from its inception, when Tita is brought into the world prematurely after her father’s sudden death. Mama Elena is the opposite of a nurturer, never forging any bond with Tita. Tita, as a result develops a relationship with food that gives her power later. Tita’s oldest sister Rosaura marries Pedro after Mama Elena orders her too. Pedro agrees, and a heartbroken, angry Tita, begins to find her strength in her cooking, using it to express her sadness, love, joy, and anger. Her emotions and passions are impetus for expression and action, not through the normal means of communication, however through the food she prepares which begin to affect the people she feeds. It especially affects her sister’s husband’s Pedro, leading them to an affair. Only then she is able to consummate her love with Pedro through the food she serves. This is clearly much more than communication through food or mere aphrodisiac; this is a form of sexual release whereby the rose petal sauce the quail recipe represents Tita’s body. The revelation that Mama Elena had an adulterous affair with an African American, and her second daughter, Gertrudis is the offspring of that relationship is an important thematic compliment to Tita’s deprivation. This transgression of the norms of proper behavior remains hidden from public view, although there is gossip, however it is only when Mama Elena dies when Tita learns Gertrudis, is her half-sister. The life long tyranny of the mother toward Tita is a result of Mama Elena’s shame and lost love. The reaction of these women to Mama Elena’s predicament helps delineate their differing characters. Mama Elena is angry and punishes everybody else for her loss of love turning her into a sinister and domineering mother to her daughters meanwhile Tita, takes her sadness of her lost love, making it work for her through her cooking. The oldest daughter, Rosaura never questions her mother’s authority and tries to follow her dictation submissively. After she is married she becomes a pale comparison of Mama Elena, lacking the strength, skill, and determination of her mother. She therefore tries to live the model, invoking her mother’s authority because she has none of her own. Gertrudis does not challenge her mother but instead responds to her emotions and passions in a direct manner unbecoming a lady. This physical directness leads her to adopt an androgynous life-style and leaves home and her mother’s authority escapes from the brothel and becomes a general of the Revolutionary army, taking a subordinate as a lover. She returns home as a dominant sexual, being dressing like a man, and giving orders like a man. Tita, the youngest of the three sisters, speaks out against her mother’s authority arbitrary rule but cannot escape until she temporarily loses her mind. She induces sadness, and physical discomfort through her cooking by keeping Rosaura, fat, having bad breath, and frequently breaking nauseating wind, therefore keeping Pedro from having sexual  relations with her and becomes pregnant with Pedro’s child. Thus we get to know these woman as persons however, above all, becomes involved with the embodied speaking subject from the past, Tita, represents by her grand-niece (who tells the story) and her cooking. The reader receives verbal food as an imaginative refiguration of one’s woman response to the model that was imposed on her on her by accident of birth. The body of these women is in the place of the living. It is the dwelling place of the human subject. The essential questions of health, illness, pregnancy, childbirth, sexual, and morals are tied together very directly in the novel to the emotional and physical needs of the body. The preparation and eating of food is thus a symbolic representation of living. Mama Elena lingers on in partial madness until long after an attack on the hacienda by outlaws; convinced that Tita is trying to poison her. She cuts her death short to one sudden violent episode and having her visage returns to taunt Tita by cursing the child she is carrying and to renounce her heritage. Tita defeats the ghost by telling her that she knows Gertrudis is illegitimate and hates Mama Elena for everything she never been to her. The rigidity and harshness of Mama Elena is overwhelmingly sociocultural and not peculiar to Tita as a victim. The cook Nacha, who is the only one who gives Tita the love she always wanted from her mother, represents a symbol of integrity. She is the one who teaches Tita how to express her feelings through cooking. Tita herself is a symbol of integrity in the beginning of the book. The writer shows her as a victim of archaic cultural rules keeping her from her one true love. It is only until she realizes her power through her cooking when she loosens her moral integrity to take revenge at the people who have hurt her.   So, this makes Tita a hero fighting against the tyranny of Mama Elena. Tita’s magic are all related to food, with the exception of the kilometer long bedspread she knits during lengthy nights of insomnia. Tita’s cooking controls the pattern of those living in the household because the food she prepares is an extension of her. The vomiting and moroseness at Rosaura’s wedding, is the result of the guests eating the cake of Tita’s tears. Likewise, the sexual frenzy that compels Gertrudis to leave the ranch is occasioned by the transmission of Tita’s passion for Pedro into the dish she prepares for dinner. These incidents suggest a simultaneous and uncontrollability of emotion; food is a potent force in the world of the novel, and lets Tita assert her identity through immorality like her sisters and mother. Esquivel extends the religious–mythical morals of magical realism to the everyday world of the domestic realm of a female-dominated household. This strategy leads the reader to also explore the feminist properties of â€Å"Like water for chocolate†, which are also evident in the depictions of Tita’s struggle for independence and develop her identity through her immorality. In creating this female-centered cast of characters, Esquivel imagines a world in which men are physically present occasionally, though the legacy of sexism and the confinement of woman to freely express their emotions to the domestic sphere persist. Esquivel does not offer readers the vision of a Utopian sisterhood, Esquivel instead brings insight into the way women are restricted by standards of societal propriety perpetuated by other woman. Reference site: Like Water for Chocolate by Laura Esquivel                                                                                                                                                

Bicyclists and motorcyclists should be required by law t Essay

Bicyclists and motorcyclists should be required by law t - Essay Example When motorcycles and bicycles are involved in any accidents, the physical body of the human could be injured particularly the head or the brain part, leading to death and even if an individual survives, the life will be a living hell. This brings into the picture the importance of helmets and how helmets could save a person from death or from becoming a ‘Vegetable’. This being in argument, the other is how many motorcyclists and bicyclist are driving without helmets with a lot of comfort, and how helmets could cause accidents. Thus, this paper will focus on the role of helmet and how it can be a lifesaving tool on one side and how it is not such a lifesaving tool and could give discomforts on other side. Helmet worn by motorcyclists and bicyclists brings in a lot of advantages and importantly saves a lot of lives. That is, as helmets are like a strong armor for the head, any strong and dangerous impacts during an accident can be absorbed by the helmets. In most of the accidents and incidents involving motorcycles and bicycles, the riders will separate from the vehicle and the head of that individual will normally make a strong impact on other strong objects like the other vehicles, roadside objects and even the strong road. That impact could damage or break the skull leading to the damage to the brain resulting in death. Motorcyclists usually separate from the motorcycle at some time during a crash. It stands to reason that protective apparels like helmets are far more likely to be effective than protective equipment attached to the motorcycle In the event of a crash, no existing strategy or safety equipment offers protection comparable to a FMVSS 218 compliant helmet. (NHTSA). Helm eted riders have shown significantly lower injury impacts in all types of lesions in the body particularly in the head. A recent analysis from the Crash Outcomes Data Evaluation Systems (CODES) from six states demonstrated that helmets were 35 percent

The International Soccer Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The International Soccer Performance - Essay Example   There are hundreds of teams playing soccer around the world; some are organized as professionals while others are just amateurs. Professional teams exist in various countries in which they recruit the best players from around the world and pay them salaries while the amateurs play for fun. Nowadays, the best professional teams are in Europe, especially England and Spain that represent the best choices for any professional. This author informs: â€Å"The Spanish domestic football league is often considered to be among the best in the world. Spanish Clubs such as Real Madrid and FC Barcelona feature prominently in international club competitions†(Hoffmann, Ging & Ramasamy). Indeed, Real Madrid and Barcelona are among the best clubs in the world with their star players like Cristiano Ronaldo and Lionel Messi who display their talents on Kandy 2 stadiums every week. However, the English Premier league also has very talented teams even though they are being challenged by other European countries: â€Å"After years of unquestioned supremacy as the top-to-bottom best soccer league in the world, the English Premier League has been chased down by the rest of Europe† (Manfred). ... Each country around the world dreams of organizing the world cup or at least to participate in the tournament. Organized every four years in a chosen country, all football fans and professionals around the universe converge to that place to enjoy the best moments of football. The following statement reveals: â€Å"The FIFA World Cup is one of the largest events in the world. The competition between the best national teams in the world mobi ­lizes billions of people from all continents, cultures, ethnicities, and creeds. It rouses passions and, at the same time, lessens differences† (Brazem). This passion and attraction make the event the most important event in the world of football. Moreover, other significant trophies and tournaments exist all around the world and in each continent. For instance, the champions’ league in Europe, the confederation cup in South America, the African cup of nations and other competitions in other parts of the world are all significant t ournaments that display great trophies. This article exposes: â€Å"Real have won more European cups than any other club (8 wins). Barcelona is the current record holders for the European Cup-Winners’ Cup (4 wins)† Kandy 3 (Hoffman, Ging & Ramasamy). These records demonstrate the talent of Spanish teams and their hold on most trophies and tournaments. C. The most famous Stadiums and their Capacity Beautiful and legendary stadiums exist all around the world and in all sizes. The best teams in the universe play in magnificent infrastructures that reflect their talent and standards. With a capacity of 75,811 people, Manchester United’s mythic stadium, Old Trafford, represents one of the world’s most famous but also biggest stadiums in the universe: â€Å"It might be the most famous football ground in the world, which sometimes might work against United as teams always bring  their top game to play there† (Rizzy).     

Water Pollution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Water Pollution - Essay Example Limitation of fresh water is an ever growing danger, despite water being a renewable resource. Agriculture, according to environmentalists, affects lakes, rivers, and other important estuaries. On the other hand, most agricultural operations are counter-productive to the growth of most crops because of different varieties of water pollution (Maude 129). It is because of contamination of sediments, bacteria emanating from animal manure, and nitrogen from fertilizers. These comprise some of the agricultural factors interfering with most fresh water bodies. Availability of fresh water bodies in most parts of the globe also signify the renewability of the resource for consumption by the human population. For instance, 2.53 percent entails the entire fresh water spread across the globe. It demonstrates the limitation is growing gradually because of human waste and pollution (Maude 139). The wastage of 2 million tons daily, according to a U.N. report, projects danger as opposed to the accusations that agriculture is the central cause of water pollution. Potentiality of climate change and extreme pollution caused by depositing of industrial refuse into water bodies is another example of effects on fresh water bodies often ignored. The World Water Report has distributed figures in regards to nations that will suffer from water problems in the future. It places the figure at 2 billion per 48 nations or 7 billion for 60 countries without factoring the implications of agriculture in the overall problem.

PM Company (International Business Practices) Essay

PM Company (International Business Practices) - Essay Example The balance between two types is an effective method for PM Company, because it is closely related to delegation of authority and is concerned with what should be transferred down, what policies are needed to guide actions and the need to train and select people and control their actions. Decentralization is closely related to delegation, but it includes all areas of management and requires a great deal more than handing authority to subordinates. In contrast to centralization, decentralization will help to avoid duplication of efforts, and overcome lack of sufficient flexibility to permit immediate reactions to local problems. New strategy will require additional spending and staff, a new department of international trade and opening new offices abroad. Organizational activities should be organized into separate product businesses, each having its own market and responsible for its own profit or loss. In general, this strategy will help PM Company to penetrate new markets faster and attract wider target audience delivering a wide range of the company's products. Using this organizational structure, PM Company can extend its international expansion plans, and cover more foreign countries, for instance, European and Asian market.

A Time To Learn by George H. Wood ph.d Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

A Time To Learn by George H. Wood ph.d - Essay Example iter on the very first page where he states that, â€Å"This book is about the work it will take to reinvent our high schools, moving them from institutions to communities (Wood, 1999, Pg. 1)†. The author’s own experiences as an educator in the college as well as high school environment certainly add to the value of the book since the readers understand that the writer has been an active participant in the education process rather than an outsider looking in to act as a researcher or consultant. That is not to say that Wood’s work does not include any research since he worked for more than a decade as a professor of education which certainly entails its own requirements for research and experimentation. The combination of research and the experiential knowledge gained by Dr. Wood makes it possible for readers to understand clearly why most reform initiatives in schools today fail to meet their mark. Reforms which are half baked, non intuitive and do not take into account the needs of the students are hardly useful or even appreciated by those who are most involved in the process. As recommended in the book, teachers as well as students have to be made interested in the changes which are taking place in a school before the changes can lead to meaningful output. At the same time, participation from other stakeholders is also an important factor for the successful implementation of the reforms and these stakeholders include everyone from the parents who send their children to the school to administrative boards who have to maintain the legal guidelines and mandatory guidelines coming from the local, state or federal bodies for the governance of the American education system. Even the community at large can participate in how schools are run at a given location since they too can be affected by the operation and systems used at a school. A typical student spends more than five thousand hours of his/her life in high school and that is a significant portion of time

Inter-Global Medicare Entrepreneurs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Inter-Global Medicare Entrepreneurs - Essay Example Following this two-tire approach to the industry, the facility’s plan will thus be fragmented to offer effective homage to both the facilities and it hopes to benefit more from strategic location of its premises. In the health care sector, access to quality care together with timely response is important. The event of seeking medical attention is usually necessitated by acute need for urgency. An effectively planned institution offers solution to all these. The firm seeks to build its facility in a highly populated area such as in the residential settlements of a city. This is an idea formed by the understanding that in the health sector, humans form the sole target. Consequently, situating a facility closer to the people makes it easier for them to reach the facility without much hustle. People will always seek medical services no matter how far the facilities may be situated. However, it is also understandable that should the facility be closer to the target market and offer effective and efficient services, then it is likely that the business will receive high demand. Emergency response is another aspect of medical service dispensation that will determine the success of any business venture in the sector. Accidents of varied forms occur in the society on a day-to-day basis; these require quick responses to help save life. Inter Global Medicare understands this quite well and is set to create a wing purposely for accidents and emergencies; this wing will be differ in its structure. It will have wider doors with free standing stretcher to help wheel clients into theatres and treatment rooms. This wing will also be deliberately situated to face the road and be accorded an ample parking lot. Strategy of placement and the design of the wing are important factors in the determination of the wing’s success; easier access and timely response will only be guaranteed if the wing conforms to the building standards of emergency rooms. The facility will have adequately qualified doctors and nurses whose services will be hired on a contract basis. A contract is more beneficial especially to a new facility such as the one in question. This is specifically so to try to cushion it against the volatilities in its operation. Should it fail to sustain the estimated postulations in its operations, then the business can very comfortably close operations without incurring unnecessary losses. The doctors and nurses hired by the firm will be highly qualified personnel whose services will guarantee the quality standards set by the institution. There are different market segments; there are is a segment is attracted to a product or service based on its prices while there is the average citizen who will

Humanities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Humanities - Essay Example As the paper outlines arts played a major role especially in the urban society leading to a progressive and dynamic growth. With growth, intellectual innovations and spiritual tensions in the Church there emerged new and creative styles in architecture, visual arts, literature and music. The three relationships of art during the Middle Ages that I would like to discuss with my students would be on architecture, literature and music. On the architectural front, an artistic renaissance emerged and was supported by both religious and secular patrons. Islamic and Byzantine civilizations created an impact resulting in Romanesque architecture that involved magnificent cathedrals with round archways and intricate stone carvings. Following this was the Gothic architecture with its flying buttresses and vaulted ribs such as used in the Notre Dame in Paris. Secondly, Literacy flourished during the Middle Ages. Latin was the dominant language in which many books were written but were also trans lated into other languages such as English, German and French. Lyrical poetry played an important role by celebrating the love between knights and ladies in the court. Epic tales of chivalry, love and heroism were exemplified in wonderful literary works such as ‘Beowulf’, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Canterbury Tales. Enlightening literature on Religion on the biographies of saints and their miracles were beautifully drawn and painted on handwritten manuscripts in gold and other brilliant colors. Thirdly, during the Middle Ages, music was considered to be an integral part of their lives and as it evolved, it increased in complexity with the monophonic Gregorian chant and interesting ballads that involved the complex weaving together of polyphonic musical lines.

FINANICAL MANAGEMENT IN NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION Term Paper

FINANICAL MANAGEMENT IN NONPROFIT ORGANIZATION - Term Paper Example The report is prepared with the sole intent to study the various financial management practices in a non-profit organization. The author of the study will highlight the various financial management practices that ensure smooth operations of the business. It also highlights the difference in the financial management practices between profit and nonprofit organizations. The author of the study will also provide certain inputs which will help in the betterment of the nonprofit organization and help in achievement of goals and objectives. It was essential to conduct this study to understand the impact of financial management practices on the organizational performance of NPO. Introduction: Financial Management in Non-Profit Organization Nonprofit organizations form an essential part of the society and exist to provide certain benefits for the members of the society. They actually vary in size from large to small clubs and the operations are based on receipt of grants, donations, fundrais ing or receipt from members as the principal source of income. In certain instances nonprofit organizations (NPO) supplement income with the trading activities. Although, NPO operate on a nonprofit basis suitable practice of financial management ensures that there are sufficient resources and cash meant for operations of NPO. Attaining profitability is not the main objective of NPO it is necessary to ensure that it is sustainable, capitalized and funded. It should be ensured that the NPOs should have an adequate cash flow to support their technical operations over the duration of the lives and help in contribution to the achievement of goals and objectives. Sound practice of financial management is needed to ensure that the human resource of NPO utilize the resources effectively. The operations and activities of NPO vary and organizations where trading activities are not present stock management practice will not be relevant. Implementation of effective management practices will ena ble in attainment of strategic goals of the organization easily. Implementation of sound financial management practices would require understanding the current financial position of the NPO which is important for the provision of NPO services. Sources of Funds in NPO Gifts and Donations: The donations in NPO usually come from companies, charitable trust, foundations after a fundraising appeal. Gifts and donations are regarded as an important source of income and also attract tax reliefs (Green, 2013). Fund raising activities are time consuming and expensive. Grants: The grants are made by charitable trust and public sector. The donated money is not returned and is usually exempted from tax (KnowHow Non Profit, 2013). Loan financing & equity capital: Loan is the sum of money borrowed to be repaid back with interest and loan financing is potentially used widely in NPO. Equity capital is provided by external investors in return for a stake in the organization (KnowHow Non Profit, 2013) . Contracts: A form of trading activity which involves agreement between two parties and each party has to abide by the terms and conditions failing which will attract penalty or fine (KnowHow Non Profit, 2013). Trading: Many NPO generate income by selling goods and services to the members of the organization (KnowHow Non Profit, 2013). Financial Management Practice in NPO Analyzing the financial position of the organizations will enable the smooth operations of NPO and also help in providing excellent services. Firstly, sound

Developmental Analysis Essay Example for Free

Developmental Analysis Essay Abstract The field of study that examines patterns of growth, change, and stability in behavior that occur throughout the entire lifespan is called lifespan development. Lifespan development takes a scientific approach in its study of growth, change, and stability. This development emphases on human development. Developmentalists study the course of development in nonhuman species, the most popular examine growth and change in people. In contrast I will focus on the ways people and myself change and grow during our lives, with the consideration of stability in our live span. Together, these findings suggest that we will go through different developments and stages from Infancy, through childhood and adolescence, and to marriage and parenthood. 11% of infants are born earlier than normal. Infants who are born prior to 38 weeks after conception is called preterm infants. When coming into this world I was born as a premature infant, I was born at 6 months due to my mother suffering from an illness called pneumonia. I was hospitalized for 4 months with tubes and monitors hooked up to me to help me eat, breathe and regain enough strength to go home to be with my family. Rupert (2006) discusses the prevention of premature birth, what you can do to prevent from having a premature baby. It is said that tension and stress can play a part and having a premature baby the less stress and tension on the body will prevent having a premature baby. Seeing a doctor regularly, taking prenatal pills, vitamins, eating healthy and making sure you have a good amount of rest can prevent premature birth as well. Being pregnant is a wonderful time for any women but it also require for you to be healthy as possible being pregnant can cause for you to go through a lot changing carrying a baby for nine months. Also, depending on your body you can go through more than other  women when becoming pregnant, if you didn’t go through anything with your first child sometimes you can have some minor problems with your second child that’s why it is important for you to take care of yourself when being pregnant. In my case I was my mother’s third child and coming down with an illness serious enough as pneumonia can be caused by stress and or from not taking care of yourself enough to remain healthy when pregnant. There are many factors on why prematurity will occur in women, rates of preterm births differ between racial groups, not because of race per se, but because members of racial minorities have disproportionately lower incomes and higher stress as a result Feldman (2014, p.95). Growing into the life cycles of infancy I stayed with my grandmother something I didn’t not find out until I was an adult. My mother expressed to me that she wasn’t able to care for me at the time because I was too small for her to feel comfortable caring for me at the time. When hearing this it did take me by surprise and hurt me a little only because I felt like she could have said something sooner than when it came out to me. I felt like there was a little detachment there because my mother wasn’t caring for me the first couple months I was born and/or when I was released from the hospital. Hotelling (2004) states not all parenting styles are alike. What individuals do as parents depends somewhat on how they were raised as a child, what they observed in other families, and what they have been taught. Two very different styles have emerged: Attachment Parenting and Baby wise. Parenting Ones own developed style of parenting will probably fall somewhere between the two. Attachment Parenting is a highly respected approach that promotes securely attached children. The problems with Baby wise Parenting, however, have been known to include detachment, behavioral disorders, dehydration, failure to thrive, irritability, infant anorexia, and even infant death (Hotelling, 2004).Parenting is never easy. Perspective parents are encouraged to seek out resources for support and information, starting now, to help ease the way. One thing is for sure: No recipe for parenting will guarantee a good nights sleep every night or perfect children (Hotelling, 2004). As stated in the article Bowlby (1982) defined attachment as a child being â€Å"strongly disposed to seek proximity to and contact with a specific figure and to do so in certain situation, notably when he is frightened, tired or ill†. Typically, preferred attachment emerges clearly in the latter  part of the 1st year of life, as evidenced by the appearance of separation protest and stranger wariness. Under usual conditions, preferred attachment unfolds gradually over the 1st year of life (Zeanah and Fox, 2004). Preferred attachments to caregivers may develop at any time after infants reach a cognitive age of 7 to 9 months, provided that the new caregivers have sufficient involvement with the child. Thus, young children adop ted out of foster care or institutions readily form attachments to their new caregivers (Zeanah and Fox, 2004). Zeanah and Fox (2004) states there are four patterns of attachment, secure, avoidant, resistant, and disorganized have described individual differences in the organization of an infant’s attachment behaviors with respect to an attachment figure in this procedure. RAD was first introduced into the diagnostic nosologies just over 20 years ago, with the publication of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd ed. [DSM-III], American Psychiatric Association, 1980).The criteria were substantially revised in DSM-I. The disorder is defined by aberrant social behavior that appears in early childhood and is evident cross-contextually. Two patterns have been described, an emotionally withdrawn –inhibited pattern and an indiscriminately social –disinhibited pattern, each of which have been observed in children raised in institutions and in maltreated children (Zeanah and Fox, 2004). Growing into an adult after finding out that I wasn’t raised by my mother the first few months I felt some emotional distress, I felt from looking back on my childhood that there were some favoritism between me and my other brother and sisters. Feldman (2014) states developmentalists believe a true emotion has three components: a biological arousal component (such as increased breathing rate or heartbroken), a cognitive component (awareness of feeling anger or fear), and a behavioral component (displaying that one feels unhappy by crying, for example). Growing up my father was in my life after I came home from my grandmothers, but only for short amount of time. My father was abusive to my mother which caused for him to break up and get a divorce. After the divorce we didn’t really see our father that because of how abusive he could be and once he moved out he moved back to his hometown of New York, NY. We spoke occasionally on the phone and he even visited from time to time but as time went on the calling and the visiting stopped. It was very difficult to adjust to him not being there and not hearing from him the older me and my  brother and sisters got. Meyer (2010) discuss the influence of children on women’s decisions to seek help when experiencing intimate partner violence. Intimate partner violence (IPV) has a detrimental effect on the wellbeing of victims and their children. Meyer (2010) states the role (unborn) children has been examined together with other demographic and situational factors to reveal their influence on victims’ help-seeking decision. The two items were used to measure the role of children, including victims’ pregnancy at the time of the abuse and children residing with the victim and witnessing the abuse. While the presence of unborn children (i.e., pregnancy) had no effect on victims’ help-seeking decisions, children witnessing the abuse emerged as the strongest predictor of general and more formalized help – seeking decisions. In conclusion, whil e the involvement of unborn children had no effect on victims help-seeking decisions, children who resided with the victim and directly witnessed the abuse had the largest effect on all examined help-seeking decisions. Seeing my mother abused at a child does take a piece of you and the reality if you will be yourself in the same situation when you get older to experience being an relationship yourself, also the fact of dealing with the fact that your father has been in and out of your life does cause emotional and physical damage. You can grow up with bitterness in your heart not willing to love or open yourself to feelings and emotions that will help you bond with others or make it hard for you to fall in love. As a child you learn how too really love from your parents but how to love another of the opposite sex you feel that emotion from your father as far relationships with other men. Wilcox (2012) argues is parent abuse a form of domestic violence, in this situation I would say there are many similarities between domestic violence and parent abuse since both entail a constellation of abusive behaviors embedded in the family relationship. In both cases, the majority of victims/survivors are fema les /mothers. Both involve a continuing process of social harm requiring day to day management. As with domestic violence, parent abuse involves everyday stresses which shape a parent’s ability to ‘parent effectively ‘. There are similarities but I would go as far to say same it’s a form of domestic violence because on the other hand had stated in the article, the parent has an ongoing responsibility to parent, versus making the option of ending or leaving the relationship inappropriate. If you have ever experienced love  from your father how do you know how to love another man if your own father didn’t show you how a man is to love you? The role of the father in child development; parents don’t think having the father around while pregnant can affect the unborn child. As stated in this article studies investigating the role of the father in child development have focused on a range of different aspects of fathers and the father – child relationship, such as paternal emotional well- being, father – child attachment, and the quality of father – child interactive. The study have shown that fathers’ active and regular engagement with their children has a positive effect on children’s social, behavioral, psychological, and cognitive development later in life. In conclusion this study was meant as an exploratory and preliminary investigation of fathers; experience during pregnancy Vreeswijk,M.J.M.,C., Maas,B.M.A.,J., Rijk,H.A.M.,C., Bakel ,V.J.A. H., (2013). Over the years as growing into an adult it has really been a struggle for me to maintain a healthy relationship with the opposite sex, because I am always questioning is this person who they say they are? Will they give up and leave and be abusive as my father was? Will I ever feel real love that I am wanting so badly to experience? As a young adult it was difficult to maintain a healthy longevity relationship or friendship, I would put more into the relationships and friendships and they would still end with my feeling being hurt because I was being so nice to gain and keep friends not knowing that it goes both ways it cannot be no one way street, when being in a relationship or friendship. I think this took me until I was almost 30 years of age to know that not everyone will treat you how you treat them. I was so naà ¯ve to think that everyone will treat you the way you treat them but a lot of people didn’t grow up that way. Every house hold is different and everyone is bor n into different lifestyles and parenting styles which causes them to react or act on what they seen as children growing up. Being an adult it is very challenging you see how your parents held the family together and what surfaces one has to take in order to take care of an family there are so many ups and downs you will go through when coming into adult hood. For me I was so excited being able to do things on my own without my parents but then reality really hit when I couldn’t lean on my parents anymore for things because they too was adjusting to being on their own again without caring for their children anymore. Today, at 32 it is  still a struggle as I am still growing into the women I was set out to be no one is perfect and it takes years for one to become fully mature and I know I will reach my potential success with growth, time, patience and having a healthy relationship with God. Some of the beliefs and I developed while growing up were in the Catholic Church. The Catholic Church is the Church that Jesus Christ established. Thus the Church subsists in the Catholic Church. However, member s of other Christian churches and denominations are also in communion with the Catholic Church by virtue of their sacraments. The accepted Churches possess fully valid sacraments, and are true particular Churches, whereas Christians are in communion with the Catholic Church on account of their baptism; still, this communion is impaired. The Church in one, because it is unified in Christ across regions. The Church is Holy on account of the grace of Christ given to it and the holy sacraments it provides. The Catholic Church contains the fullness of the Deposit of Faith, thus is it truly according to the whole and universal? Finally, the Church is Apostolic because its Teachings and power come from the Apostles themselves. Some of the beliefs I developed in the terms of right and wrong behavior were divorce, pre-marital sex, and same-sex relationships having a relationship with Christ always putting Christ and family first. The new Christian is capable of being a doer of the Word, enabled by the Spirit; then change in the problem areas can occur. I gather information to understand the problem and the underlying issues. We build a Christ-centered relationship of care and trust. 2 Timothy 3:16-17 (NIV) states encouragement from God’s Word, outlining the certainty of being able to be equipped and strengthened to change with God’s help. â€Å"Spiritual development is likely a wellspring for the best of human life (e.g., generosity, unit, sacrifice, altruism, social justice) as well as for our darkest side (e.g., genocide, terrorism, slavery). Using social science to examine this potent force in society and individual lives of young people has been neglected for too long† (p. 210). The Handbook of Spiritual Development in Childhood and Adolescence seeks to ensure that this oversight does not persist. Spiritual development may be at a â€Å"tipping point† for becoming a major theme in child and adolescent development. A growing number of scholars in various disciplines have invested themselves in this field. The public imagination appears to be ready in numerous cultures, traditions,  and contexts, all of which are struggling with social changes that threaten to undermine the spiritual lives of young people. Benson, P. L., Roehlkepartain, E. C., King, P.E., Wagener, L.M (2005). References Meyer, S., (2010) Seeking Help to protect the Children? : The Influence of Children on Women’s Decisions to Seek Help When Experiencing Intimate Partner Violence. J Fam Viol 25:713-725, Springer Science +Business Media, LLC. Michelle, R.A., (2013) The effects of maternal nutrition on fetal psychological development. International Journal of Childbirth Education.28.3:p90. Effects on Children’s Health and Development. Psychological Medicine, Cambridge University, 40,335-334. Rupert, L. (2006) How women can carry their unborn babies to term – The Prevention of Premature Birth Through Psychosomatic Methods. Journal of Prenatal Psychology Health; 20, 4; ProQuest Central pg.293. Hotelling, A. B. (2004). Styles of Parenting, J Perinat Educ. 2004 Winter; 13(1): 42–44. Feldman, R. (2011). Development across the life span (6th ed.) Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall. Zeanah, H., C, Fox, A., N (2004). Temperament and Attachment Disorders. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, Vol.33, No.1, 32-41. Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss; Vol. Attachment. New York: Basic Book. Benson, P. L., Roehlkepartain, E. C., King, P.E., Wagener, L.M (2005). Spiritual development in childhood and adolescence: Moving the Scientific Mainstream. Benson, P. L., Roehlkepartain, E. C., King, P.E., Wagener, L.M (2005). The Handbook of Spiritual Development in Childhood and Adolescences. Vreeswijk,M.J.M.,C., Maas,B.M.A.,J., Rijk,H.A.M.,C., Bakel ,V.J.A. H., (2013) Fathers’ Experiences During Pregnancy: Paternal Prenatal Attachment and Representations of the Fetus. Psychology of Men Masculinity.

The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways

The Strategic Planning For Jet Airways The purpose of this paper is to evaluate a successful and well-organized strategic planning for airline industry providing Jet Airways strategic plan. Jet Airways is the Indias market leader in airline industries, however has faced increasing competition over the last decade resulting attrition in their market share. The report begins by analysing the current internal and external environment of Jet Airways. Through strategic evaluation its recommended that Jet airways focus on their fundamental service delivery to restore their competitive advantage within the industry. This will require putting into practice a combination of two strategies; a people processes strategy and a strategy focused on technological advancement. The people processes strategy was derived from a number of industry sources outlining Jet Airways decline in customer satisfaction. The technological advancement strategy coincides with the renewal of Jet Airways aircraft fleet and will further improve the overall customer experience. INDEX Objectives: The main objective of this paper is to develop the internal and external environmental analysis and strategic planning with risk management and business ethics. Specific objectives are following, Evaluate the current strategic position of Jet Airways. Examine the strategic Planning Models for Jet Airways. Examine Jet Airways internal and external environment. (1.0) Overview of Jet Airways: Jet Airways is an airline based in Mumbai, India. It is Indias third largest airline after Air India and Kingfisher Airlines. It operates over 400 daily flights to 64 destinations worldwide. Its primary base is Mumbais Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport with secondary hubs at Bangalore, Brussels, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Pune as focus cities. In July 2008, Which? magazine ranked Jet Airways as the worlds best long- haul airline after Singapore Airlines. In a poll conducted by SmartTravelAsia.com in September 2008, it was voted as the worlds seventh best airline overall. It has also won an award for the quality of its catering. In February 2009, Jet Airways had 846,000 passengers, making it the second largest airline in India behind Kingfisher Airlines. Jet Airways also operates two low-cost airlines, namely Jet Lite (formerly Air Sahara) and Jet Airways Connect. (1.1.1) Corporate Structure: Mr. Naresh Goyal Chairman Mr. Ali Ghandour Director Mr. Nikos Kardassis Chief Executive Officer Mr. Saroj K. Datta Executive Director Mr. Abdulrahman Albusaidy Group Executive Officer Mr. Sudheer Raghavan Chief Commercial Officer Capt. Hameed Ali Chief Operating Officer Mrs. Anita Goyal | Executive Vice President Network Planning Revenue Management Mr. Raja Segran | Sr. Vice President Mr. P. K. Sinha | Regional Vice President Mr. Gaurang Shetty | Sr. Vice President Customer Services Alliances Capt. Hassan Al-Mousawi | Sr. Vice President-Operations On Time Performance Mr. Abdulkhaliq Saeed | Sr. Vice President Engineering Maintenance Mr. Mahalingam Shivkumar | Sr. Vice President, Finance Mr. Rajesh Sharma | Vice President Internal Audit Mr. K. G. Vishwanath | Vice President Commercial Strategy and Investor Relations Dato K. Jeyakanthan | Sr. Vice President Engineering Services Mr. Jay Shelat | Vice President Cargo Mr. Raj Sivakumar | Vice President Network Planning, Revenue Management Distribution Dr. Samar B. Srivastava | Vice President Human Resources Mr. Ashok Barimar | General Counsel Vice President Legal Ms. Ragini Chopra | Vice President Corporate Communication and Public Relations Ms. Monica Chopra | Company Secretary Sr. General Manager Legal (2.0) Environmental Analysis: For success within the airline industry, an awareness of the external environment is essential. This section aims to highlight the position of the industry, in particular looking at competitors and assessing Jet airways capability to meet current and future challenges. (2.1) PESTEL Analysis Of Jet Airways: Political Issue License issue for international operation. Infrastructural constraint. ATF price policy. Open sky policy. FDI Limits: 100% Greenfield airport 74% existing airports. 100% through special permission. 49% for airlines. Economic Effects The income level is rising. Contribution to the Indian economy. There is a rise in the cost of fuel. Investment in the sector of aviation. The growth of the middle income group family affects the aviation sector. Reduced fare but yet not enough. Social Effects Developing of the cities to better services and airports. Employment opportunities. Safety regulations. The status symbol attached to a plane travel. Technological Effects Modernization of aircrafts. The growth of e-commerce and e-ticketing. Satellite based navigation system. Modernisation and privatisation of the airports. Modern technology like CAT3 and ILS. Environmental Sector There is an increase in the global warming. The sudden change and the unexpected behaviour of the climate and to depend on the atmosphere. Shortage of the infrastructural capacity. There is a tourism saturation. Legal Factors. FDI limits. Bilateral treaties. Airlines acquisitions and the leasing cost. (2.2) SWOT Analysis Of Jet Airways: Figure 2.2 shows SWOT Analysis: S Market driver. Experience exceeding 14 year. Only private airline with international operation . They have a strong brand value and their reputation is very high in the mind of the customers. The service quality is good. Largest fleet size. There is a continuous innovation in their business. W Loosing domestic market share . Old fleet with average age around 4.79 years. Scope for improvement in in-flight service. High ticket pricing. Facing a tough competition from the competitors. O Untapped air cargo market . Scope in international service and tourism. The non penetrated domestic market. T Strong competitors. Fuel price hike. Overseas market competition. Infrastructure issues. Tourism saturation. Economic slowdown. Promotion and sponsorship declining. (3.0) Strategic Planning Model: (3.1) Porters Five Forces Model Of Jet Airways: (1) The threat of the entry of new competitors: The threat of the new entrants is very high for Jet Airways, because right now there are so many new airline company that has come with new strategies and services. The more profitable the industry is the more attractive it will be to new competitors. And as we know that Jet Airways is a very well known airline company of India since many years and it has a brand image and has a good reputation on the customers mind but then also Jet Airways has to give the best service quality to the customers to remain the market leader in the business. (2) The intensity of the competitive rivalry: The intensity of the competitive rivalry is high for Jet Airways. Jet Airways has many competitive rivals like Kingfisher Airlines, British Airways, Air India, Virgin Atlantic, etc. Jet Airways has both long haul flights and short haul flights. They are losing the domestic share market so in this competitive industry they have to bring some innovation in their business. Their strategy is very powerful because they are concentrating more in the service quality. Their aircrafts are modernised and they have the modernised technology like CAT3 and ILS. (3) The threat of substitute products or services: The threat of substitute for Jet Airways is low. There are few substitutes for Jet Airways: For short haul flights they have: Jet Connect and Jet Lite. For long haul flights they have: No notable substitute. (4) The bargaining power of customers (buyers): The bargaining power of buyer is medium. Jet Airways has the option to switch the suppliers and according to that the customers of Jet Airways also has the option to switch. (5) The bargaining power of suppliers: The bargaining power of supplier is high. The supplier can switch to any other option at any time. (4.0) Managing Risk: Every business faces risks that could present threats to its success. Risk is defined as the probability of an event and its consequences. Risk management is the practice of using processes, methods and tools for managing these risks. Risk management focuses on identifying what could go wrong, evaluating which risks should be dealt with and implementing strategies to deal with those risks. Businesses that have identified the risks will be better prepared and have a more cost-effective way of dealing with them. The types of risk your business faces strategic, for example a competitor coming on to the market. compliance, for example responding to the introduction of new health and safety legislation. financial, for example non-payment by a customer or increased interest charges on a business loan. operational, for example the breakdown or theft of key equipment. (4.1) Managing Risk Of Jet Airways: Jet Airways falls in the strategic risk and the operational risk. Strategic and Operational Risk: Overview of cyber-security and best practices in fraud prevention. Understanding key fundamentals of PCI Data Security Standards and what airlines need to do to align with the necessary requirements. Risk management in Jet Airways: Fraud prevention strategies and processes. Strategies in IVR risk control. The way forward in risk management. (5.0) Strategy and Ethics of JET AIRWAYS: Strategy of Jet Airways: The main strategy of Jet Airways is to maintain service quality. Jet Airways (India) Ltd. has earned the distinction of receiving the IATA Operational Safety Audit (IOSA) Registration. The airline has successfully completed the Operational Safety Audit and has entered into the IOSA Registry. One of the strategies that Jet Airways is following: Jet Airways strategy: removing a row to gain passenger space Mumbai: After having removed a row of seats from some of its planes to increase overall leg room for passengers, Jet Airways (India) Ltd is using an innovative, three-dimensional billboard campaign to sell the concept. Developed by Mudra Groups outdoor unit Primesite, the Mumbai billboards have images of two chairs sitting close to each other, and then one drifting on railings to reveal the message: Weve removed a row to give you more space. The row of seats has been done away with in Jets 737-800s series planes. Removal of rows to create space for cramped passengers isnt a new idea as many airlines, especially in the US, have used similar tactics and messages to differentiate their planes from rivals. Several other companies, such as auto makers (with sections of cars) and even coffee companies (Bru used chairs and tables) have used three-dimensional billboards to stand out. Says Gaurang Shetty, vice- president, marketing, Jet Airways: We wanted to create an impact and effectively communicate that we have removed a row of seats from our domestic flights, thereby giving more space on our domestic flights. The outdoor innovation has only been done in Mumbai considering the restrictions on the same in other metros. We would be communicating through hoardings in Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Bangalore. Sanjeev Hajela, president, Primesite, says the campaign has a budget of Rs55-60 lakh. Jet is a large user of outdoor media and is believed to spend as much as Rs10-Rs12 crore a year, some 20% of the airlines marketing spend. Jet Airways was one of the early entrants in the aviation business, as also the first private airline to fly to overseas destinations and had a relatively simple creative message: Jet Flies to 44 Domestic and 8 International Destinations. Notes Jagdeep Kapoor, managing director of Samsika Marketing Consultants Pvt. Ltd: Earlier, the positioning of the Jet brand was such that it reflected aspirational value. It was an aspired brand while all the rest were tired and perspired brands. Today its different. They have found a competitor in their own league in form of Kingfisher. There is a switch taking place, with some customers shifting loyalties to Kingfisher. He classifies Jets growth in terms of three Ss: Sustenance, Service and the need to (Speed Up). In spite of not being the first entrant in the aviation space, the Jet brand grew steadily, sustained and survived. Later on, Jet grew to be the best premium brand in the whole country by highlighting the service aspect. In service, they were unparalleled and premium. Today, its different and Jet needs to speed up. They need to aggressively build themselves as a brand, and advertise themselves like a consumer brand if they need to beat Kingfisher. 2) Ethics of Jet Airways: The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (Code) has been adopted by Jet Airways (India) Limited to comply with applicable law and the rules and regulations of the Stock Exchanges on which the securities of the Company are listed. (6.0) Strategic and Operational Conflict: Strategic Planning: Long term. Affect widely. Generic. Org. People and other org. People. Operational Planning: Short term. Narrow/limited scope. Detailed. Within orgs. People. Strategic v Operational Conflict: Jet Airways has some strategic v operational conflict and they are: Jet Airways (India) Ltd.s three- day conflict with its pilots is costing the nations second- largest airline passengers and may hamper plans to raise $400 million to buy new planes. The last thing investors want to see when the airlines trying to raise funds is a crisis like this, Kapil Kaul, chief executive officer of the Indian unit of Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation, an industry adviser said yesterday. This is a wildfire and they need to put out as soon as possible. Alternate Arrangements: Jet Airways is endeavouring to make alternate arrangements on other airlines wherever possible and our airport teams will assist its guests to the fullest extent, Jet Air said. (7.0) Recommendations: As a result, we can say that Jet Airways is following different types of environmental analysis and strategic planning models to run their organization and their main strategy is to give service quality to the customer. So from this, we have conclude that Jet Airways is focusing on the services which they are giving to the customers to gain their loyalty and trust and to become the worlds no.1 airline industry. Due to lack of primary research we cant access more information about the company. References: Online links: http://www.jetairways.com/EN/GB/AboutUs/QualityCertification.aspx, contains the strategy of Jet Airways. http://www.jetairways.com/EN/KE/AboutUs/CodeOfConduct.aspx, contains The Code of Conduct. http://www.scribd.com/doc/8718529/Jet-Airways, it contains SWOT analysis and PEST analysis of Jet Airways. http://www.livemint.com/2007/11/25233107/Jet-Airways-strategy-removing.html

The Potential Of Ecotourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay

The Potential Of Ecotourism In Malaysia Tourism Essay This research paper is focus on tourism industry (ecotourism) in Malaysia. The objective of this paper is to report on an empirical research study which investigated how to improve or develop the industry tourism (ecotourism) in Malaysia? Besides improvements, the important for this research is to concern about the contribution of the tourism industry on the Malaysia GDP. To understanding the natural sources that we owned and generate it to develop our country. Findings were from the analysis of data such as internet, newspaper, government data and source that prepared by other people. A regression model was developed as evidence to this. The literature on this aspect is limited. Thus, the research findings of this study are useful for future studies. This study also provides several recommendations for future research in this area. Introduction of tourism (ecotourism) Tourism is a relaxing activity for people to travel for recreational, leisure or business purposes. Based on the World Tourism Organization describe that tourists is people who travel to other places and stay in places outside their usual environment. According to World Travel and Tourism Council (WTTC), tourism has become one of the global largest industries nowadays. In other word mean that tourism has become a well-liked global leisure activity. In year 2009, Tourism industry has contributed 9.4% of world GDP into the economy, or equivalent of 5433.7 US billion dollars. There are a lot of people who traveling around the world time by time just to release tension or enjoy their lifetime or business purpose. Based on WTO, there were over 922 million international tourist arrivals in 2008, with a growth of 1.9% as compared to 2007. In 2008, international tourism receipts grew to US$944 billion (euro 642 billion), corresponding to an increase in real terms of 1.8%. Furthermore, real G DP growth is expected to growth in average 4.4% over the coming ten years. In the other hand, tourism economy has provided a total 235 million jobs in the worldwide. However, in the beginning of June 2008, international travel demand suffered a strong slowdown, with growth in international tourism arrivals worldwide falling to 2% during the boreal summer months. This negative trend become strong during 2009, worsen in some countries due to the outbreak of the H1N1 influenza virus, resulting in a worldwide decline of 4% in 2009 to 880 million international tourists arrivals, and an estimated 6% decline in international tourism receipts. The country that hit badly such as Mexico, experienced outbreaks of respiratory illness and enlarged reports of patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) in several areas of the country. Based on our tourism ministry Dr. Ng Yen Yen said that during that serious epidemic period, it unaffected our tourism sectors but further increase our tourist arrival. We can see that Malaysia is still attracting the tourist although there is happening the epidemic. This is also because our epidemic is still under control which me an our country less affected by H1N1, this caused to the people who favor on tour shift their planning to other more safety countries such as Malaysia. In Malaysia, travel and tourism industrys share of GDP has rise from 8.6%, worth RM8.02 billion in year 1988 to 14.1% of GDP, worth RM94.6 billion in years 2009. While travel and tourism direct industry (included transport, accommodations, food and beverages and etc.) has brought a total income of RM36.8 billions in year 2009, or 5.5% of GDP. Besides that, tourism has created a total job opportunities of 1395700, or equivalent of 12.7% of total employment. As we know that Malaysia is one of the country which held in the tropical area on the earth. Malaysia is an amazing country with immeasurable large quantity of biodiversity. It is not surprising to find that 75 percent of Malaysias land area is remains forested, with 60 percent virgin rainforest that unchanged for over millions years. The country is presented with numerous natural attractions such as amazing and diverse flora and fauna (refflesia, orang utan), white sandy beaches, exotic marine aqua life (Pulau Sipadan, Pulau Matak ing), dense rainforests(Taman Negara) and the oldest and largest caves in the world (Deer cave). To sharing of the mysteries in Malaysia, one of the twelve mega-biologically diverse countries in the world, which boasts at least 15,000 species of flowering plants, 286 species of mammals, 150,000 species of invertebrates, and 4,000 species of fishes in addition to the countless micro-organisms. Experience a huge range of outdoor activities, such as caving, hiking, jungle trekking, snorkeling, rock climbing, diving, river cruising and much more. Experienced outdoor professionals, who are well ready with the latest gear, can guide you through all of these activities. If you are looking for rich and exotic ecotourism experiences in balmy tropical weather, the time is now, the place is Malaysia. This made Malaysia owned the potential to develop the ecotourism to growth up the economy furthermore can introduce Malaysia to other countries. To let others learn more about the natural better than keep reliance in the industrial sector to boost up the GDP. The widespread interest in ecotourism among tourism players is due to its direct linkage to the greater prospects for sound and sustainable tourism development with strong possibilities for appropriate local participation and shared responsibility for preserving the environment, cultural heritage and peoples way of life. It is needed everyone to responsibility to protect our natural environment well. Research Problem As we know that Malaysia is a tropical forest country that rich with the natural sources flora and fauna, white sandy beaches, exotic marine aqua life, dense rainforest and the oldest and largest caves in the world. Therefore we should introduce it to foreign country so that it can attract the foreign tourist to our country. But the problem is does it really known by other countries? What should we do to improve our natural sources to attract the tourist? What are the factors that influence the total number of tourist to Malaysia? Besides, how we going to develop it, so that it can more known by other counties tourists? However it is needed a sustainable develop to prevent it get harm to the biodiversity. And since we know that when there is a lot of tourist to our country sure it will generate capital flow into our country and increase our GDP. Therefore it is needed to understand the potential and how to attract tourists to generate our country income. Research Question What did the government do to develop the tourism industry? Does it have the potential to attract the foreign tourists? How to improve our ecotourism facilities and services? What are the strategies to attract more tourists to visit Malaysia? Research Objective To realize the important of tourism industry. To analyze the potential of tropical country that rich with immeasurable large quantity of biodiversity. To examine what initiative will be taken by the government. To analyze the contribution of tourism in our GDP. Literature Review http://www.apo-tokyo.org/gp/e_publi/gplinkeco/17chapter15.pdf Mohammed Mohd. Daud, (n.d.) with his conference article The Ecotourism Develop In Malaysia mention that the services sector including the tourism industry, is the major revenue as well as the largest contributor to Malaysias Gross Domestic Product (GDP) at 46% in 1999. He specified that the tourism is a growing sector and gaining importance in the Malaysian economy. Besides, due to the existing legal requirements and the economic development strategy, the promotion of tourism and ecotourism activities in Malaysia involves a number of institutions and also including the statutory body Tourism Malaysia to involve in marketing and promoting tourism product. Considering that the ecotourism objective such as the National Parks and wildlife sanctuaries are often located in distant places, but the government would provide basic infrastructure facilities such as roads, jetties and some amenities. Furthermore, the government is also supporting ecotourism development by means of sponsoring th e cost of technical consultancy work on particular ecotourism destinations. For case study in this article mention that although the Kinabatangan Wildlife Safari has not matured yet in developing, it is already showing its potential in becoming a successful ecotourism destination where preservation of natural resources with sustainable development. It involves all parties such as the government, private sector, local communities and NGOs work together in a partnership to protect the priceless natural asset by translating business opportunities into maintenance benefits. The purpose of this study is to calculate tourisms contribution through deriving multipliers in terms of output, income, employment, value added, and import for Malaysian economy. Based on this study, they found that, tourism sector have been generated employment which is 174 full-time employee for every Ringgit of tourist expenditure. According to researcher, entertainment sector is most important sector that generated tourism income followed by accommodation and food beverages. Malaysian tourism industry not only playing an important role for generating output, income, employment, value-added, and import but also creates spillover effects on other tourism related sectors of the economy. However, based on the analysis of this paper, it is obvious that tourism industry is contributing significantly to the Malaysian economy in terms of generating output, income, employment, and value-added. http://www.google.com.my/#hl=ensource=hpbiw=1189bih=544q=DEVELOPMENT+OF+ECO-TOURISM+IN+TRIBAL+REGIONS+OF+ORISSA%3A+POTENTIAL+AND+RECOMMENDATIONSrlz=1R2PPSU_enMY368aq=faqi=aql=oq=gs_rfai=fp=42cdcfe0f1684f63 Based on the Nilakantha Panigrahi research paper DEVELOPMENT OF ECO-TOURISM IN TRIBAL REGIONS OF ORISSA: POTENTIAL AND RECOMMENDATIONS had mention about the wealth in being tourism of the Orissa region in eastern India. He said that with the well develop in the ecotourism will generate some income for the state. Tourism is identifying as an industry in Orissa in generate the income from the foreign tourists because that place seem to have different type of attractive onwards the tourists especially the countless temples of Orissa scattered at the state. The attractiveness is that the state owned 79 heritage sites in Orissa which protected by Archaeological Survey of India. Western Orissa is known by a small temple town, besides particularly of the western Orissa have the streams and forests which show the natural beauty of Harisankar in Bolangir and Nrusinghanath in Balangir. Furthermore, Kalahandi area is endowed with the wealth of forests, for example existence of a rare species of black tiger, with a natural waterfall at Rabandar, and a host of temples situated at the hilltops of Bhawanipatna. Nevertheless, the concept of museum is also being established by government for collected and displaying those artifacts by following the types of it. The record from 1990 until 1998 with the attraction of tourists is 86.58% in domestic and 11.50% for foreign tourists. This can be proved that the well known of domestic people and unrealized in the potential of the place as being a tourism destination for foreign tourists because of poor developing that place. However the tourist arrival show that the increasing trend from 1990 until 1997 but dropping in 1997-1999 due to the Asian financial crisis and then increase again in 1999 to 2000. Due to the Orissa heritage place, natural environment with flora and fauna it can be the successful destination for tourists. The reason that it cannot attract more is because of poor developing by government as a tourism destination from an ecological and cultural point of view. http://www.uea.ac.uk/env/cserge/pub/wp/gec/gec_1995_30.pdf. From the TOURISM AND SUSTAINABILITY IN ENVIRONMENTALLY FRAGILE AREAS: CASE STUDIES FROM THE MALDIVES AND NEPAL research by Katrina Brown,R. Kerry Turner, Hala Hameed and Ian Bateman had said that Maldives and Nepal is a country which enrich with natural resources such as reefs, beaches, and mountains especially the most highest mountain in the world Everest are attract many tourists to there. The amount of trekkers to Nepalese Himalaya grew by 25 percent per annum over the period 1985-1988. Furthermore, Maldives tourism visitors have increased from a total of less than 1000 per annum in 1972 to 178,000 in 1991. As we can see that the amount of tourist is increasing lead by globalization. It makes people able to move across to other countries. In analyzing the Maldives in 1991, total of tourists had increase to over 178,000 tourists. The annual rate is exceeds 30 percent for this period and this show that it stand at over 1.7 million. The total receipts are achieving 94 million in 19 91 if compare to 1981 is just 15 million. However for Nepal, the data said that is just only 6179 tourists in 1962 but it change to a huge amount in almost 300,000 in 1991. This can show that the attracting to Nepal is increasing rapidly and with majority tourists came for the nature. This can be see that the successfulness of the ecotourism such as mountain or jungle trekking, jungle safaris, river rafting or ethnic tourism in Nepal. Both study also show that more tourists were came toward their country by enjoying the nature environment. Research Hypothesis By referring to the literature reviews mentioned, we are able to form 2 hypotheses that measure the growth of tourism sector that accelerated the industrialization process. The first hypothesis model formed state that the contribution of tourism sector towards the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is influence by the foreign and domestic tourists and the number of projects approved by tourism department. Hence, the function below is formed:. GDP = f (tourists) However, the second hypothesis model formed state that the contribution of tourists towards the tourism is influence by the number of projects approved by tourism department. Hence, the function below is formed: Tourism = f (tourism department) Methodology There are a few methods which can be used in order to search and gather the information that we needed such as by gathering the information from the internet. But mostly all data are collected through the secondary data. Based on my title which focuses on the ecotourism, I am referring to the news article which published by The Star, beside we were gone through the government website to get the current news to get the tourism issues, activities, government gazette and also the government statistical data. Those articles that related with my topic in internet also can be using as reference especially those research paper done passed researcher. Furthermore we compare country between countries in tourism performance. Analysis http://www.tourism.gov.my/corporate/research.asp?page=facts_figures As we can see that the tourists arrival to Malaysia has increase year by year. We know that 1997 is happened Asian financial crisis the following is 2008-2009 global financial crises with epidemic of H1N1 together. However it does not give much impact on our tourism but further increase our percentage of tourists arrival. If we compare the amount of tourist in year 1998 with 5.5 million and 2009 with 23.6 million it is already 4.3 times than amount in 1998. http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/eco_tou_arr-economy-tourist-arrivalsint=-1 For the data show above which clearly stated that the ranking of Malaysia is in 19th in the world ranking. This can be proved that we still can develop it well to get higher rank in the list so that we can generate more income through tourism. Especially for the 10th Malaysia Plan is planning to improve the countrys position on the global tourism stage and become one of the top ten countries in the world in terms of tourism receipts by 2015. http://www.epu.gov.my/html/themes/epu/images/common/pdf/rmk/rmk2/rancangan%20malaysia%20kedua%20-%20chapter%2011.pdf http://www.epu.gov.my/html/themes/epu/images/common/pdf/buku%20rm%20ke%207%20-%20chapter%2016.pdf http://www.epu.gov.my/html/themes/epu/images/common/pdf/8th_msia_plan_c15_cont.pdf Based on the data above, we can see that during the period between 1960 until 1970, the employment is significant show that tourism is just contribute a little on economy only. For year 1965 is only contributed 287000 for employment (employment in hotel is 2700 in 1965), however for year 1970 it is slightly increase to become 340000 of employment (employment in hotel is reached 8000 in 1970) which contributed by the tourism. Furthermore, year 1975 tourism is only contributing 419000 employments. If we look seriously beginning from 1990, the employment is contribute a lot by the tourism in hotel industries, however hotel industries is just one of the part from the contribution of tourism, we can see clearly that it is quite potential in develop it. Based on the data show that the there is an increasing trend on employment which generate by the increasing in number of hotel, it can be show beginning from 1990 which is generated 39961 employments by 989 hotels, 1995 generated 67214 empl oyments by 1220 hotels, 2000 generated 78671 employments by 1492 hotels and for year 2005 it generated 79603 employments by 1541 hotels. The opportunities in employment contributed by tourism are determined to achieve 1217000 thereby contributing 11.6% of total employment in year 2007. And the contribution of the Travel Tourism economy to employment is 1,331,000 jobs in 2010 (Quarter 2). http://www.economywatch.com/world-industries/tourism/malaysia.html http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/economies/Asia-and-the-Pacific/Malaysia.html http://www.scribd.com/doc/29692549/Impacts-of-Tourism-in-Malaysia http://docs.google.com/viewer?a=vq=cache:ai8aqxFRL2QJ:www.undp.org.my/uploads/UNDP_SME_Publication.pdf+graph+for+small+medium+industries+malaysiahl=engl=mypid=blsrcid=ADGEESixA75njhH_Yr4tgc4hpxAgfZYVgdeziqYg3nRtfCmVjUzHa1znOVM4b1Jpat-Y-LCTbLA5FNZKfD_5DHcCls8DAhtjBaunNOxuhyPF5VtvYCGztXMQhPJXCSZe7rFklzGswUg6sig=AHIEtbTsqG5MieCX3egU2hgFoAp-fKdayw http://books.google.com.my/books?id=C_8BctkNCBoCpg=PA38lpg=PA38dq=small+medium+industries+for+tourism+malaysiasource=blots=0-otW5zvRWsig=wnvDlXlKoKcGABqV-ebXpikkSzQhl=enei=BKuyTMKvI8WPcdiHheoCsa=Xoi=book_resultct=resultresnum=5ved=0CCMQ6AEwBDgU#v=onepageq=small%20medium%20industries%20for%20tourism%20malaysiaf=false http://ww2.publicbank.com.my/cnt_review46.html Government action By the way it is needed for government action in supporting the tourism sector, without government implementation of policy or action in develop the tourism it is impossible for the tourism to growth itself. To attract more foreign tourists, government is need to create some policy to strengthening the tourism, furthermore it government spending is also important so that the project that government planning can be successful to achieve. There is some action by the government in above such as: 1. VISIT MALAYSIA YEAR 2007 Tourism industry of Malaysia. Retrieved on October 12,2010 from http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/2007/08/31/9636.html This year, Malaysias focus will be on the Visit Malaysia Year (VMY) 2007, was is aimed at aggressively promoting Malaysia, increasing 4 tourist arrivals, as well as encouraging domestic tourism among Malaysians. Coincidentally, 2007 is also the year of Malaysias 50th independence. As such, the Visit Malaysia Year campaign is a timely event to celebrate Malaysias golden jubilee. It is an occasion to rejoice and to share with the world the unique qualities and virtues that have shaped Malaysia to be the country that it is today. The VMY 2007 campaign is expected to raise the awareness of foreign tourists to enable them to plan their holidays in Malaysia. For VMY 2007, the country has set a target to attract 20.1 million tourists.Overall, there are over 240 events, of which, 50 being major events and 5 as international mega events. All these events are presented in `One Golden Celebration`. A celebration that brings Malaysia to the world, and the world to Malaysia. The first event of the year was the Visit Malaysia Year Grand Launch on 6 January by the Honourable Prime Minister of Malaysia in the presence 500 international media and trade representatives from all over the world. Highlight of the Grand Launch was the unveiling of the Eye on Malaysia, which is a 60-metre Ferris Wheel followed by the Flora Fest Parade, a spectacular display of floats dressed in all kinds of flowers found in Malaysia.The other mega events include the Malaysian International Aerospace Adventure, the International Fireworks Display, the Malaysian International Tattoo and the KL International Buskers Festival. 2. Malaysia My Second Home Programme Malaysia My Second Home Programme .Retrieved on October 12, 2010 from http://www.mm2h.gov.my/ Malaysia My Second Home Programme is promoted by the Government of Malaysia to allow foreigners who fulfill certain criteria, to stay in Malaysia for as long as possible on a multiple-entry social visit pass. The Social Visit Pass is initially for a period of ten (10) years, and is renewable. It is open to citizens of countries recognised by Malaysia, regardless of race, religion, gender or age. The programme allows applicants to bring with them their spouses, parents and children. Foreign spouses of Malaysians and expatriates who wish to retire in Malaysia after expiry of their Employment Passes are also eligible to apply to stay in Malaysia on this programme. Applicants are allowed to bring their spouses, unmarried children below the age of 21 and parents above the age of 60 as dependants. 3. One Malaysia-Endless Experience Tourism Malaysia launches One Malaysia-Endless Experience campaign in New Delhi. Retrieved on October 12, 2010 from http://blog.drngyenyen.com/?p=412 The campaign was launched by Dato Sri Dr Ng Yen Yen, Tourism Minister, Malaysia in New Delhi. The packages have been made available to Indian travellers travelling to Kuala Lumpur, and other tourism destinations in Malaysia from five major Indian cities Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai, Bengaluru and Hyderabad. The package is being offered by Tourism Malaysia in partnership with Malaysia Airlines and Malaysian hospitality partners. As per the package, Indian travellers can avail a four-day/three-night package tour to Kuala Lumpur for Rs 17,000, comprising return airfare and accommodation. The travellers can also travel beyond Kuala Lumpur to destinations like Langkawi, Penang, Kota Kinabalu, Kuching, etc. for Rs 19,500 from five Indian cities. Through this promotional drive Tourism Malaysia is expecting to further enhance the sale of these destinations and products across all travel segments from India including ones like G3A (Golden 3rd Age); SSS (Super Smart Shoppers) and FET (Family Enrichment Tourism). 4. FABULOUS FOOD 1MALAYSIA FOOD TRAIL 2009 Ministry of Tourism Launches Fabulous Food 1 Malaysia Food Trail 2009 Booklet- The Route To The Best Food in Malaysia. Retrieved on October 12, 2010 from http://www.tourismmalaysia.gov.my/corporate/mediacentre.asp?page=news_desknews_id=468 The main objective for the Ministry to produce the Fabulous Food 1Malaysia Food Trail 2009 booklet, a brainchild of YB Dato Dr. Sri Ng, to harness upon the attractions in the food sector and entrench them as outstanding products of Malaysias food tourism. The Fabulous Food 1Malaysia Food Trail 2009 booklet features 10 Best entries shortlisted out of the total 120 listings of restaurants, delicatessens and hawker stalls from the respective categories of the Nasi Lemak, Laksa and Meat Bone Tea. Among others, the listings were based on the quality of food, customer service and cleanliness. Since the launch of the website, over 25,658 fellow Malaysians and global foodies have joined the very tantalizing quest to investigate the rich diversity of Malaysian local food varieties frequented by patrons of all social levels who in turn recommended their findings in the website. 5. http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2009/10/24/budget2010/4968158sec=budget2010. October 12 Based on the news from The Star on Saturday October 24, 2009 reported that by the way of aggressive and innovative measures to attract FDI, our country government will spending RM899mil in 2010 for the tourism industry. The Main planned to be implemented is including attracting more tourists from Britain, Japan, South Korea, Middle East, India and China to participate in the Malaysia My Second Home programme. However, attraction will be successful by upgrading the quality of infrastructure in tourism centers throughout the country, this is the most important such as ecotourism development and upgrading homestay facilities; and ensuring front liners are locals. Recommendation Recommendation to better improve the tourism industry to known by others country and attraction foreign tourist to generate our GDP will be identified after the full research has been completed. The Ecotourism Development in Malaysia. Retrieved on October 12,2010 from http://www.apo-tokyo.org/gp/e_publi/gplinkeco/17chapter15.pdf There are such ways to improve Malaysia ecotourism. As we know, we have many ecotourism place included Wildlife Protection Act, the National Park Act, the National Forestry Act, the Fisheries Act and the State Park Enactment (Pahang). These protected areas are gazetted under the various federal and state. The Department of Wildlife and National Parks, the Forestry Department, the Fisheries Department and the various State Parks authorities have been responsible for managed these place. First ways is ours tourism and travel agencies should be more creative to promoted ecotourism to attract more foreign tourist because government give many incentives to them. Creative means travel agencies should provide more packages for student, family, group and others. These packages will attract more tourists to visit Malaysia also attract local tourist. Local tourist actually more demand than foreign tourist because local tourists want different experience in the place they visit. Travel and tours agency also should use internet reservation to get more people use their services. Next, government should provide more facilities in the ecotourism area and to go there. For example, access roads, jetties and some amenities. Every year government give budget to improve our transportation systems. For instance, government upgrading of Jalan Kuching-Sibu from Simpang Julau to Sibu Airport Interchange Phase I of the cost of RM176.5 million and the upgrading of Jalan Kuching-Sibu from Simpang Julau to Sibu Airport Interchange Phase II (RM10.3 million). Besides, governments have been providing funds to develop infrastructure facilities at various ecotourism destinations and RM 10 million was allocated between 1996 and 2000 to implement five ecotourism projects as pioneers The other ways is this effort from government must support by local people and private sector. So the implementation will be easy and more successfully. Private sector should provide some funds, services and technical consultancy to help Malaysias government to attract more tourists local and foreign. Local communities can contribute to the employment, protecting the environment and shows a good behaviour.

William Butler Yeats poem, Leda and the Swan and Fred Chappel’s Narcissus and Echo :: Yeats Leda and the Swan Essays

William Butler Yeats poem, Leda and the Swan and Fred Chappel’s Narcissus and Echo Poets use many different stylistic devices to capture the attention of the reader. After all, who wants to read a boring poem? Many times, it is the opening line that acts as the "hook." What better way to capture someone's attention than to incite emotion with the first word. Some poets use form to their advantage. Perhaps by writing the words out in different shapes, they will create a broader readership. Some poets use symbolism, or structure to benefit their artistic license. I prefer the subtler and less common stylistic devices. Fred Chappel, in "Narcissus and Echo," and William Butler Yeats poem, "Leda and the Swan." use different, yet effective stylistic devices to capture the attention of the reader and hold on to them throughout the entire poem. By echoing the last sound of each line in his poem, Chappel is able to create two separate poetic rhythms. The first is the fundamental poem written about two mythological characters. Narcissus, the first character, was so enthralled with his own beauty that he fell in love with his own reflection in a pond. He, being so brokenhearted that he could never be with his true love (himself), wasted away until all that was left was a beautiful flower. Hence that flower called Narcissus. Echo is the other character in this "tragic" love story. She fell in love with Narcissus. This was before he turned into a flower, of course. She followed him, trying to speak to him but in his vanity he did not notice her. She was heartbroken and withered away until all that was left was her voice to follow him. Hence the echo. It was her voice combined with his reflection that Narcissus fell in love with. After all, who wouldn't want to hear their words echoed back to them by their lover? Chappel uses this story as the base for his poem, which seems to be of Narcissus' love. The difference is that the words that are echoed back are not quite the same as the original. They seem to be almost an ironic look into the shallow nature of this character. In the seventh line, Chappel brings this irony to light when he writes, "teasing playfully the one being. Unbeing" (181), almost as if he is trying to tell Narcissus that his love is a pretense.

Shark Attacks Essays -- Sharks Ocean Life Attacks Essays

Shark Attacks The serious attacks are mainly by four species. The Bull shark. the Tiger, the Great White and the Oceanic Whitetip shark. The Grey Nurse (Sand Tiger) and the Bronze Whaler have for many years been blamed for many attacks but it seems nearly all were mistaken identity. The Grey Nurse is now protected in most States in Australia. The Great White is the largest and has a high percentage of fatal attacks. The Bull shark is responsible for a lot of attacks on swimmers and people in shallow water. From reports it seems a lot of these attacks were only one bite but a large percentage of the victims died of blood loss and shock. It is likely to be the worlds number one killer shark on swimmers. I have heard of a lot of encounters with scuba divers but have so far been unable to find any attacks. The Tiger shark usually spends daylight hours in deep water and comes into shallow areas around reefs and coastline during the night. It has been responsible for a large number of deaths. This includes swimmers, surfers and scuba divers. Many divers swim with these sharks with no problem but a large Tiger shark is more than capable of killing a human. Overall, there are very few fatal attacks on scuba divers. I have not been able to find any over the last twenty years except for one in 1991 and two in 1993. Ironically these were both in the same month. They were all by Great White sharks. According to the book, Shark Attacks by Mac Mc Diarmid, 9 out of 10 shark attacks happen within 1.6 metres of the surface. One third of attacks are fatal. Most victims are male. Although there have been very few fatal attacks on scuba divers, there have been quite a few on spearfisherman and abalone divers. Many of these fatal attacks have occurred in South Australia in areas well known for Great Whites. Abalone divers nearly always work in areas where seals are present and the water is cool. This is ideal for attracting the Great White. Add to this the fact that they spend an enormous time in the water and it is a recipe for disaster. It was noticed in California USA, that Abalone divers were only attacked north of Point Conception. It was later discovered that the law in North California did not allow abalone divers to use scuba equipment, which meant they spent much more time at the surface. In southern California scuba was permitted! Spearfishing has two major... ... with captive dolphins. The dolphins were bottlenose dolphins--there were 5 in the pod, one of which was a calf. So it could be a female pod. When the three people went into the water, they swam with the dolphins without fins or masks--so they were not as agile underwater as they could have been, nor as equipped as many people are when they are swimming with captive or solitary dolphins. Martin was left alone in the water (his choice). The dolphins initially disappeared on him. Martin saw the shark attack him from the depths. He said he was bitten four times. In one of the attacks, Martin said that he punched the shark on the snout. We do not yet know the species of the shark. The doctors in the Egyptian hospital in El Tur said that it was only one shark and by the size of the bite marks, they believe it was between 4-5 meters (we are looking for someone who is a professional to help identify the species from the bite wounds). It was the dolphins' choice to return and to help Martin. They were not close to him at the time of the attack. They probably took some risk to do this, as there was a calf in their pod. They were not fed by the boat. Thank you for reading my paper.

The Yalta Conference :: essays research papers

The Yalta Conference was one of the most important events in history, let alone, this century. It took place from February 4 to February 11, 1945, at Yalta, Crimea, a port/resort. The three main individuals at this meeting were Churchill of Great Britain, Roosevelt of the United States and Stalin of the U.S.S.R, known back then, and now known as Russia. This meeting was to discuss the post war effects. The publics opinion of this was of a great Anglo-American- Soviet friendship. The agreement that as achieved at the conference was that a Coalition government would be set up in Poland. This guaranteed free election in Poland. It also gave eastern Poland to the Soviet Union and in return, Poland would receive land from Germany. Germany on the other hand was divided into four zones which were Great Britain, United States, France, and the Soviet Union. Germany had to pay all reparations of the war but not to the extent of World War I. One other major decision made in the conference was the creation of the United Nations. This was a new world organization which worked for world peace as did the League of Nations. Along with the Soviet Union, Byelorussia and the Ukraine were admitted into the United Nations. Since Russia had influence on there voting, the United States was given 3 votes to be equal with the Soviet Union. After the conference, American public opinion was very high and all of the Allied nations responded favorably. There were also secret agreements that were made but kept secret until the end of the war. It was said that the Soviet Union were to enter the war against Japan two to three months after the end of the war in Europe. This was necessary in order for The Soviet Union to regroup because of the heavy causalities in Europe. The Soviet Union had a great advantage in the secret agreement. It received much land and did not have to do much in the end for it because of the use of the atomic bomb which ended the war much earlier then expected and the Soviet Union did not even have to fight Japan. In the classroom simulation of the Yalta Conference, the same results were not reached. The Soviet Union was not able to get most of its demands because in the classroom, most of the student looked at communism was not looked at very favorably.

Class Inequality and Poverty as seen by Marx, Weber, and Lewis Essay

Our society today is currently experiencing a widening of the gap between the rich and the poor. As the saying goes, â€Å"the rich is getting richer and the poor is getting poorer,† our society attests to such truth, where the wealthy is gaining more money while the poor’s case is getting worse by the minute. Poverty is a big problem ever since the dawn of man. In an ideal world, the number of resources produced could feed more than any of the hungry mouths all over the world. But in reality, wealth is not distributed properly to every living individual. There are those who get more as compared to those who get less or get nothing at all. The sad reality If you take into consideration every living individual in a certain community, only a small fraction of its population enjoy living a well-off life, and a majority suffer from lack of resources or doesn’t have enough to fill their stomachs. A fraction of imbalance in the distribution of resources and wealth affects a greater number of people, wherein the sad reality lies on whom are the ones getting much and who are the ones gaining a lot. This is the sad reality in our society, where people thrive in a world filled with inequality and sadly, majority of the people suffer from the extra gains of some people. Class inequality can be traced way back in the history of men, when people learned to classify themselves, making some superior and some, well, rather inferior. Another sad reality is that the ones who are in the higher echelons of the society are the ones who are not doing actual hard labor. These people are the one’s capitalizing from the hard work of the poor working class, sweating their lungs out, literally giving their sweat and blood just to make money. This labor force is the one who is actually earning the money; it is their effort and strength that makes the real cash, not the ones bossing them around. But the harshness of life is reflected in this situation: the ones working hard gets paid less, barely enough to make a living out of it, while the ones bossing everyone around gets a much bigger share, wherein they have exerted minimal or no real effort in doing so. This is the present situation of the working class of the past, the present, and maybe of the future. There are some great thinkers who have pondered on these things so to speak. This people, though separated by different views, expressed their opinions about how inequalities in the classes happen and why poverty exists, depending on how they see the situation. Their take on the realities are reciprocated by approval or by rejection from the people looking at their ideas. Some may seem radical to others, but some deem that is the necessary thought for that certain specific topic. These great thinkers include Karl Marx, Max Weber and Oscar Lewis. Karl Marx’ views For Karl Marx, poverty is the outcome of the rampant class inequality that the society is suffering today. The working class, whom Karl Marx advocates, is the ones who are actually earning the money for the society. They are the ones who actually deserve to get much of the gains, rather those who are capitalizing from their labor. Marx stressed that capitalists are the ones bringing disarray in the society because they are actually contributing lesser work as compared to the laborers, yet they are getting most of the gains. In order to correct this, Marx strongly advocated the abolishing of capitalism and replaces it with communism. For him, it could be a way to alleviate poverty in the society today, rather than just letting the capitalists sit around and wait for the harvest of their money’s fruit, rather than giving the laborers the real fruits of their labors. In Marx’ belief, capitalism has been the root of the great class divide, the widening gap between different social strata, where the poor and the rich are distinctively apart from each other. This is because of the fact that a great part of the gains goes to the pockets and the bellies of the capitalists, who are theoretically â€Å"getting even richer,† the fact that they are the ones who have the money. On the other hand, the laborers, the ones who are exerting greater effort as compared to these capitalists, are not getting anywhere the definition of rich at all, hence, they are having the difficulty to cope with the increasing cost of living, thus worsening their status, with them experiencing the â€Å"poor is getting poorer† part (Hallas, 2002). Looking closely at Marx’ ideas, you could see that it could also be about freedom. It is being able to freely produce and receive what is rightfully yours, as for the part of the laborers, for their efforts, their hard work to be reciprocated with enough pay. It is about how the true â€Å"money-earners† – the laborers, be able to control various circumstances that could benefit them, and not the capitalists. They will be able to create a free society where their hard work will be equal to a good life for them and their families. Because of this, the society will be a better place as conceived by Marx. It will be an exploitation-free society, in the same time it will do away with oppression, racism, unemployment, war, from poverty and inequality. Max Weber’s views Max Weber’s idea revolved on the role of an authority when it comes to the distribution and allocation of the national resources. He also stressed out that the wealth of the country, the nation’s riches, came from the bureaucratic organizations present. They are clearly the ones influencing the allocation of these resources because as Weber sees it, they were the producers, not the common working class. His main idea stated that bureaucracy, an organizational arrangement of the people themselves, is to administration as compared to machine which is for production. Weber defines bureaucracy as an institutional method wherein the rules are applied to certain specific cases, thus justifying the government’s action as being fair and really predictable (â€Å"What Is Bureaucracy?† 2004). For Weber, poverty was not essentially a natural situation or condition. The situation of poverty could be broken, wherein the social status of the people could be alleviated from the poor to the not-so-poor, thus implying a chance for people to develop. But if you see the definition of poverty as being relative, there could still be people thriving below the poverty line. This is because of the margin of difference from the rich and the poor are also changing. But if you look closely, their way of life, their social standings, their lifestyles had been changed. Even though they are still considered to be poor, relative to the rich people, they are able to alleviate their way of life out of the slums and were able to live a normal and healthy lifestyle. Oscar Lewis’ views American born anthropologist Oscar Lewis created the social theory about the â€Å"culture of poverty.† This concept of social classifications justify the positioning of the poor in the society, wherein the concept explains that the poor people have a different value system. Because of this, the theory suggests that the poor are slumped in the situation of poverty because they are continually adapting from the burdens of poverty. For Lewis, the poor became â€Å"the poor† because they were transformed by poverty. Poverty became a standard in classifying a person’s social status, thus implying that the definition of being poor is relative. It depends on how you look at it. Being poor doesn’t necessarily mean that you are not eating well, not being able to enjoy life as much as others can, etc. etc. Being poor entail being placed in the lower part of the poverty line. If there are a lot of rich people, the poverty line could be changed, thus some of the rich people may be considered as poor (Burt, 2004). American situation The most applicable principle in the United States of America was the contribution of Oscar Lewis. The quality of life in America is far better than other countries in the world, yet there are still some poor people. This is relative to America’s situation as compared to the situation of another country. There is a possibility that a rich person in another country, when he goes to America, he will be considered poor. Another possibility could be that when a poor man in America goes to another country, he could be considered as rich. Lewis’ introduction of a culture of poverty could be applied in America’s situation, wherein the concept of the poor is just a creation of the concept of poverty. Creating an underclass could have resulted to the introduction of a higher class, thus there was a basis for comparison of the different classes that exist in a society. The poor existed because of the rich people’s existence and vice versa. Burt, D. S. (2004). Oscar Lewis. Retrieved February 21, 2007, from http://www.answers.com/topic/lewis-oscar Hallas, D. (2002). The legacy of Karl Marx. Retrieved February 21, 2007, from http://www.socialistworker.org/2002-2/423/423_08_HallasOnMarx.shtml What Is Bureaucracy? (2004). Retrieved February 21, 2007, from http://www.semp.us/biots/biot_145.html