My Love, A Nigerian Movie - 969 Words

‘My Love’, a Nigerian movie to be shown on our Campus This interesting film was produced by Ojiofor Ezeanyaeche in the year 2002, and it was accepted worldwide due to its advantageous messages to the youths, especially on campuses. It blends well with the exact happenings in our societies this day as the story was highly original. The Title, ‘my love’ might not catch much attention until it is shown here on campus and watched by the student populace. This film, ‘My Love’ should be shown on campus so that the students who are also the leaders of tomorrow will know who, how and when to love. One of the nagging problems nowadays is the frustrations that arise in terms of choice making on the part of our youths and the wrong decisions that follow. This of course can be tackled among our youths if this film is shown on this Campus for the entire students. ‘My Love’ is a must watched film for every youth across the globe. ‘My Loveâ €™ is a Nigerian movie which is to be shown on campus so in order to educate young people on whom to love. Real love is of course the foundation of every marriage, and marriage forms an important part of every individual life. The problem of wrong choice is very common among the youths of this generation and one of the ways to correct it is to get a play related to the situation, show it in schools and enable the students to have the real feelings. ‘My Love’ is a film whereby a lady wrongfully fell in love with a guy that his background was well known toShow MoreRelatedReflective Essay On Refugee Refugees1161 Words   |  5 Pagesor those with physical and mental disabilities. 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The Negative Effects of Illegal Immigration - 2000 Words

The Negative Effects of Illegal Immigration â€Å"An immigrant is a person who legally comes to a country to take up permanent residence. An â€Å"illegal† immigrant is a person who does so without following the established legal procedures of the destination country and who resides in that country without proper visas or other documents.† (source 1)Illegal immigration is changing the lives of many Americans today, and although all illegal immigrants are not bad and are not here by choice, or to hurt anyone, it still affects us each and every day. Illegal immigration has been a problem for many years, and it seems as if it is impossible to control, but according to former mayor Rudy Giuliani of New York it can be controlled. Giuliani stated†¦show more content†¦Many immigrants come here and participate in drug activity, human trafficking, prostitution, car theft, aggravated assault, the list could go on.( source 3) This is outrageous. With the illegal immigrants being part of drug cartels and smug gling drugs, it makes drugs available almost anywhere at any time. While it is not the immigrant’s fault that Americans buy the drugs it still would be less available if they weren’t smuggling the drugs into this country. Illegal immigration also messes up the monetary policy in the US. Our money use to be backed by gold and now that our money is being sent to a number of different countries, we have no way to keep the circular flow of the money in the US. It is recognized that not all of that is due to drugs and crime of illegal immigrants, but when there are millions of dollars getting sent out of the country on a regular basis it creates a huge problem. Gangs are also becoming a bigger problem now with illegal immigrants. Nationally, Hispanics are thought to compromise over half of the total gang membership. 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Wolgin, in his article, â€Å"Immigration Polling Roundup: Americans of All Political Stripes Want Congress to Pass Immigration Reform†, there are 11.7 million unauthorized immigrants living in America today. From 1990 – 2007, immigration increased from 3.5 million to 12.2 million. Since 2007, immigration has decreased and fluctuated from 12.2 million illegal immigrants to 11.7 million illegal immigrantsRead MoreEssay on The Problems of Illegal Immigration927 Words   |  4 Pages Illegal immigration to the United States refers to the act of foreign nationals violating U.S. immigration policies and national laws by entering or remaining in the United States without proper permission from the United States government (Illegal Immigration). Illegal immigration has been going on since the 1880s and till this day the number of aliens has been increasing each year. 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The Marketing Analysis of Retail and Super Market Chain @Tesco

Question: Describe about the market analysis for TESCO PLC, which is one of the leading retail and super market chain in the world? Answer: Executive Summary This assignment reflects the market analysis for TESCO PLC, which is one of the leading retail and super market chain in the world. The main objective is to find out the market position of Tesco in relation to the other competitors in the market. The article uses the SWOT Analysis technique to identify the market position of the company. In order to frame a definite growth strategy of the company, the Ansoffs Matrix is used. The summary attempts to cover the broad aspect of marketing for Tesco in every respect. Here the four Ps of marketing that is Product, Price, Place and Promotion are discussed in details which will highlight the various marketing approaches of the company and about its goals and objectives. The summary encompasses the relative market share of Tesco and what are the main competitors. 1. Introduction Tesco Plc is a leading retailing company based in England. It was founded in 1919 at Hackney, London, England. Mr. Jack Cohen is the founder of the company. It serves across several countries of the world like China, Czech Republic, Hungary, India, Ireland, Poland, Malaysia, Slovakia, South Korea, Thailand, Turkey, United States of America and in the United Kingdom. The company has its headquarters in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire in England. It is currently the third largest retailing company in the world as per the profits and the second largest in terms of the revenues (Arslan et al. 2014). It was primarily a grocery retailer. Later on it diversified its operations into other products like electronics, apparels, books, toys, furniture, software, petrol, telecommunications, financial services and internet related services. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange. The market capitalization was approximately 20.5 billion as on 4th August 2014 (Wang et al. 2014). Fig. 1 : Logo of Tesco Plc ( Source: tescoplc.com) 2. Market analysis for Tesco Plc This section consists of all the market related information of Tesco. Here the details of market share, competitor analysis and growth planning are given. 2.1 Current market share of Tesco Plc As per the Kantar Worldpanel, the market share of Tescos grocery market in the UK in the twelve weeks up to 18th March 2012 was 30.2% (Soberman et al. 2013). It went down from 30.6% in the twelve weeks up to 18th March 2011. This shortfall was due to the entry of the other competitors in the market. Tescos market share fell further in 2014 due to the entry of the rival companies in the retail sector. As of 2014, the market share of Tesco was reduced to 28.7%. Supermarket Market Share as on March 2012 Increase or decrease from March 2011 Tesco 30.20% decreased by 0.4% Asda 17.90% increased by 0.6% Sainsbury's 16.60% 0.00% Morrisons 12.30% 0.00% The Co-operative Food 6.90% decreased by 0.4% Figure 2: It shows the relative market share of Tesco with respect to the competitors for the year 2012. (Source: Barei et al. 2014, pp-280) 2.2 SWOT Analysis to assess the competitive position of Tesco The competitor analysis and what are the opportunities and drawbacks for Tesco, is depicted with the help of the SWOT Analysis (Bokek-Cohen, 2014). The strengths and weaknesses are related to the internal factors while the opportunities and threats are related to the external environment. The analysis is as follows: Strengths Tesco is one of the top retailers in the world. It falls under the top 100 most valued brands of the world. It is above eBay in the listing. It offers value for money services and products. All over the world, there are 6,784 stores of Tesco (Filipovic, 2013). The number increased by 433 additional stores from 2012. The company has always used innovation in its operations. It created stores like Tesco Metro and Tesco Express. These are small stores located in the neighborhood to make it easy for the customers to shop. To name the other strengths of the company are online shopping, different joint ventures with brands of the international market as for example in China. The company also did local recruitments including some of the senior management positions. The sheer size and availability of the various facilities help Tesco to purchase from the market in bulk, thereby gaining economies of scale. This helps the company to keep the prices of its products low and compete with the othe r retail giants like Asda or Sainsburys. The company has also innovated various loyalty packages for the customers such as the Clubcard. This helps Tesco immensely in attracting the customers and also to retain them in order to build a long term relationship with them (Jensen, 2013). Weaknesses Tesco has slowly emerged as one of the leading retailers with a variety of products. Starting from grocery, it slowly diversified into other products like books, garments, petrol, furniture, financial services and others (Jung, 2014). This can lead to some weakness in the company. The profit of Tesco has been adversely affected due to series of bad debts arising out of credit card issuances and several household insurance claims. Another weakness is its lack of knowledge and experience in few of the sectors where it intends to explore, such as its own branded smart phones and tablets. There is plenty of scope of development in investments in IT and web technologies (Kalenskaya, 2015). Opportunities The opportunities for Tesco are plenty in the market, such as entering into the digital entertainment section (Kashif et al. 2015).They have invested 80% in Blinkbox. The aim of the company to promote their own branded smart phones and tablets can intervene with this investment, especially in foreign markets like Thailand, China, Malaysia and South Korea. Their online shopping will help customers to order products and services from the comfort of their homes. If the market is hit by recession, then also, the customers can buy products at reasonable prices offered by Tesco (Hassan et al. 2015). There is plenty of opportunity to expand the operations into international market also like in Australia. This is because in Australia, there is very limited competition in the grocery market compared to the other parts of the world. In spite of this the retail sector is immensely price sensitive. Threats There are many threats to Tesco from the domestic and international market. The current position of Tesco as the largest retailer in UK retail makes it the target of the rivals like Sainsburys, Asda, Morrisons and others. Tesco has so far successfully resisted the takeover of Asda by Walmart (Kursunluoglu, 2014). In the UK, the branding of stores such as Asda Walmart has been on the rise. This shows the ominous signs of Walmarts shadow looming large on Tesco. Ranking at the ninth position in the most valued brand in the world, Walmart is the largest rival of Tesco globally (Li, 2013).Walmart has all the necessary resources like skills, experience and funds to impose a direct threat to Tesco. The adverse effects of planned towns in todays world, the customers dislike to go to stores which are located out of town and the Governments concern for the livelihood of people working in the small local shops, are the main causes of threat to Tesco (Lim et al. 2015). 3. Growth strategy of Tesco Plc The strategy implemented by Tesco for capturing the retail market and growth can be analysed with the help of the Ansoffs Matrix. Market penetration Consumers sometimes have the tendency to run after brands more than the products. Tesco has very well understood this psychology of the consumers. To the customers, Tesco is a brand. Tesco first came into the market with its own advertising website known as the Tesco Property Market. Tesco was promoting all its products and services through the website and they were also distributing leaflets within their stores. In the year of 1995, Tesco crossed Sainsburys and became the largest retailer in the UK market (Mai, 2014). The introduction of the Clubcard concept for gaining the loyalty of the customers and retaining them, helped Tesco to penetrate deep in the retail market. New products and services In order to grow and sustain in the market, a company should come up with new products and services according to the tastes and preferences of the customers. Here is a list of activities that Tesco did: Tesco offers a wide range of products and services like credit cards, mortgages, insurance products, various investment and savings schemes, electronic goods and others (Meershoek et al. 2015). Tesco has also introduced innovative products like bio-fuel in place of the standard petrol and diesel. They are even trying to improve the quality of those products. The company is also trying to expand in other sectors also like mobile and tablets. They have tested success in the Asian market regarding these products and earned huge profits. They are slowly moving into the telecommunications and electronics departments (Moiseieva, 2013). Market development In the year 1994, Tesco Plc took over William Low, the renowned Scottish supermarket chain. It was in 1997, that the company also bought stakes from the Associated British Foods retail chain consisting of Stewarts, Quinnsworth and Crazy Prices (Park, 2014). In the month of June 2003, Tesco purchased C Two-Network in Japan. It was in the middle of 2006, that Tesco bought Casinos Leader Price Supermarkets in Poland. They were later transferred into small sized Tesco Stores. For development of the existing market, Tesco undergoes frequent changes. In the year 2005-06 some significant changes were made in the marketing strategy of Asian and the European countries. A few examples are Japan, Poland and South Korea (Phillips et al. 2013). Product diversification Very recently Tesco diversified its products from the food items to the non-food items. Initially Tesco started as the leading grocery retail chain. But slowly it diversified its business into garments, books, dvd sales and rental, furniture, various financial services and internet related services (Rabbanee et al. 2013). In the clothing department, Tesco introduced its own brands like Cherokee and F+F. The food brands of Tesco like Finest and Value were being used in non food brands also like the electronics, health and beauty products. Figure 3: Ansoffs Matrix growth strategy of Tesco Plc (Source: Sigala, 2014. Pp-211) 4. Product 4.1 Product Life Cycle The product life cycle stage of the Tesco brand can be analyzed through the BCG Matrix. Here, growth of Tesco in the global market is shown as per the Annual Report of 2012-2013. BCG Matrix Countries Revenue Revenue Growth Trading Profit Trading Profit Growth Marketing Position Loyalty Scheme Members UK 43.6 bn + 1.8% 2272m 8.3% 1st 16m Asia 11.5 bn + 6.0% 661m 10.3% 1st or 2nd 20m Europe 9.3 bn + 5.5% 329m 37.8% 1st or 2nd 7m Fig. 4: BCG Matrix of Tesco (Source: Sudbury-Riley, 2014, pp-667) Star Product It indicates high market share and high growth. The UK market is star for Tesco petrol. The profit rises to 11.8% with the sale of petrol product (Smith, 2013). Question Mark Product It shows high growth and low market share. In Asian markets people are buying Tesco products but the share prices are low due to stiff competition in telecom sector from Samsung, Jazz, Telenor, etc (Soni et al. 2014). Cash Cow Product Here there is low growth but high market share. It is seen in the European market where Tesco has competitors but due to the brand name, Tescos share prices are still high. Dog Product This consists of low growth and low market share. This is mainly applicable to the financial sector of Tesco in USA. The Tesco banking sector was kicked out after 20 years of service. The pre-tax profits fell 51% to 1.96bn and the post-tax profits including the cost to exit from the US were 120m, decreased by 95.7% (Sudbury-Riley, 2014). 5. Price Tesco followed a very smart pricing strategy. In order to compete with the domestic and international rivals, it offered products and services at comparatively cheaper prices to attract the customers as the UK customers are very price sensitive. Competing with the giants like Sainsburys, Asda, Morrisons and others was always a big challenge which Tesco accepted and emerged as the leading retail chain in the UK Market. Tesco has the objective of being the world leader in super market through products and services which will cost lesser than the other rival brands. The company has chosen the price strategy like Penetration Pricing, Competition Pricing and Product Line Pricing (Eggert et al. 2015). 6. Place There are 7,599 Tesco stores including the franchises located all across the globe. It operates across 12 countries in Asia, Europe and the USA. It has its manufacturing units, sales outlets and offices across all these countries (Walker et al. 2013).The headquarters is in Cheshunt, Hertfordshire in England. The company is marketing its products through the retail chains present in almost all the leading countries of the world. They provide the goods and services to the customers directly. 7. Promotion Tesco uses a number of strategies to promote its products and services all across the globe. These are as follows: Email Messages Text messages Media campaigns like TV commercials Interactive websites Clubcards for loyalty customers Mobile applications where the customers can order their products through their mobile handsets. The Marketing Mix of Tesco Plc is illustrated below: Fig 5. Marketing Mix of Tesco Plc. (Source: Walker, 2013, pp-290) 8. Conclusion At the end of the assignment it is to be seen that Tesco has designed a very competitive marketing and growth strategy to promote its products in domestic as well as in the international market. It has continuously faced stiff competition from the rivals like Sainsburys, Morrisons, Asda and others yet it has maintained its operations in line with the Corporate Social Responsibility norms. It has procured and manufactured ethical goods and services for the consumers. Now, the company is willing to increase its market abroad and as a result of this it is following some strict and transparent marketing plans which will ensure success in the long run. The corporate strategy and planning of Tesco is the benchmark which any multinational organization should design in order to taste success in domestic and international market. 9. Recommendations In order to succeed more in the UK market, Tesco should maintain the current pricing strategy of keeping the prices of the products at a little cheaper rate compared to the other rivals. Tesco should understand the price sensitive market in the UK. If the products are too highly priced, then the customers will not go for it and may visit the rivals like Sainsburys, Morrisons, Asda and others (Yavuz et al. 2014). It should also come up with innovations in product development. It has already started to manufacture products of its own like smart phones and tablets. This creativity and innovation will help it to gain more popularity in the domestic and international markets. Tesco should open more number of retail stores and outlets so that more customers can have access to their products. This will increase their revenue also. A very well thought out advertising plan is required to gain attention of the customers. Catchy hoardings, media advertising in newspapers, attractive website for the company with details, sms services, email services and various types of loyalty programs like the Clubcards concept can be developed in order to attract and retain the customers. 10. Reference list References Arslan, A. and Wang, Y. (2014). Acquisition Entry Strategy of Nordic Multinational Enterprises in China: An Analysis of Key Determinants. Journal of Global Marketing, 28(1), pp.32-51. Banerjee, S. and Soberman, D. (2013). Product development capability and marketing strategy for new durable products. International Journal of Research in Marketing, 30(3), pp.276-291. Barei, F. and Le Pen, C. (2014). Refocusing on RD model or redefining marketing strategy? Anticipating sustainability for generic pharmaceutical industry. Journal of Medical Marketing: Device, Diagnostic and Pharmaceutical Marketing. Bokek-Cohen, Y. (2014). Becoming familiar with eternal anonymity: how sperm banks use relationship marketing strategy. Consumption Markets Culture, 18(2), pp.155-177. Filipovic, J. (2013). The review of the marketing appeals and their role in the strategy of development of the successful marketing communication. Marketing, 44(4), pp.354-360. Jensen, D. (2013). Your Personal Marketing Plan. Science. Jensen, D. (2013). Your Personal Marketing Plan. Science. Jung, S. (2014). Environmental Analysis and Marketing Strategy of Korea e-book Industry. JMT, 01(03), pp.68-76. Kalenskaya, N. (2015). Marketing Strategy of Higher Education Institutions. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. Kashif, M., Sarifuddin, S. and Hassan, A. (2015). Charity donation: intentions and behaviour. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 33(1), pp.90-102. Kursunluoglu, E. (2014). Shopping centre customer service: creating customer satisfaction and loyalty. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 32(4), pp.528-548. Li, Z. (2013). E-Retailer's Technology Strategy for Implementing Online Marketing. AMM, 427-429, pp.2716-2719. Lim, M., Machado, J. and Iglesias, O. (2015). Brand, identity and corporate reputation. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 33(2). Mai, L. (2014). Consumers' willingness to pay for ethical attributes. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 32(6), pp.706-721. Malachovsk, A. and Kirov, A. (2015). Invigorating the Destination's Marketing Strategy? (The Case of Slovakia). Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 175, pp.393-400. Meershoek, A. and Horstman, K. (2015). Creating a market in workplace health promotion: the performative role of public health sciences and technologies. Critical Public Health, pp.1-12. Moiseieva, M. (2013). Mini Cooper: Marketing Strategy, Digital Marketing, Brand Ethics. CRIS - Bulletin of the Centre for Research and Interdisciplinary Study, 2013(1). Pagla, M. and Brennan, R. (2014). The development of brand attitudes among young consumers. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 32(6), pp.687-705. Park, J. (2014). The Differences between Product and Process Innovation and Implications for Marketing Strategy. JMT, 01(03), pp.32-39. Phillips, D. and Hallman, W. (2013). Consumer Risk Perceptions and Marketing Strategy: The Case of Genetically Modified Food. Psychology Marketing, 30(9), pp.739-748. Puka, A. (2013). Konkurentne Marketing Strategije // Competitive Marketing Strategy.  Ã‚ Ã‚     , 1(8). Ramaseshan, B., Ishak, A. and Rabbanee, F. (2013). The role of marketing managers' commitment and involvement in marketing strategy implementation. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 21(6), pp.465-483. Reed FIDM, D. (2014). SOSTAC: The guide to the perfect digital marketing plan. J Direct Data Digit Mark Pract, 16(2), pp.146-147. Sigala, M. (2014). Evaluating the performance of destination marketing systems (DMS): stakeholder perspective. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 32(2), pp.208-231. Smith, R. (2013). New Opportunities for a Professional Services Firm: Building a Brand and Developing a Marketing Strategy. Marketing Education Review, 23(3), pp.281-286. Soni, P. and Vohra, J. (2014). Targeting the young food consumer. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 32(5), pp.630-645. Sudbury-Riley, L. (2014). Unwrapping senior consumers packaging experiences. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 32(6), pp.666-686. Terho, H., Eggert, A., Haas, A. and Ulaga, W. (2015). How sales strategy translates into performance: The role of salesperson customer orientation and value-based selling. Industrial Marketing Management. Walker, K., Curren, M. and Kiesler, T. (2013). A Retail Center Facing Change: Using Data to Determine Marketing Strategy. Marketing Education Review, 23(3), pp.287-296. Yavuz, R. and Toker, A. (2014). Location sharing on social networks: implications for marketing. Mrkting Intelligence Plan, 32(5), pp.567-585.

Many Have Pondered Upon The Meaning Of Abortion. The Argument Essays

Many have pondered upon the meaning of abortion. The argument being that every child born should be wanted, and others who believe that every child conceived should be born (Sass vii). This has been a controversial topic for years. Many people want to be able to decide the destiny of others. Everyone in the United States is covered under the United States constitution, and under the 14th Amendment women have been given the choice of abortion. In 1973, Harry A. Blackmun wrote the majority opinion that it's a women's right to have an abortion. Roe v. Wade legalized abortion. Even though these people have been given the right, the case is not closed. Pro-life activists carry a strong argument, and continue to push their beliefs. They feel so strongly about these beliefs that violence has broken out in some known instances. Pro-choice activists, on the other hand, also carry very strong points. They believe that the child inside them is their property and it's life doesn't be until birth. In 1973, the United States Supreme Court decided that as long as the baby lived in the womb, he or she would be the property of the mother. Because of this decision almost every third baby conceived in America is killed by abortion, over one and a half million babies a year (Willke vii). Many countries have followed our decision on the abortion issue and some of these include Canada, England, and France. Other countries still believe abortion should be illegal, they include Germany, Ireland, and New Zealand. Although many believe that abortion is a women's choice, abortion should be banned because its immoral and life begins at conception. Abortion is the choice of a women whether or not she want's to receive one. Under the 14th Amendment's "personal liberty" women are given the right to receive an abortion. The 14th Amendment's concept of "personal liberty" and restrictions on state action is enough to allow a women's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy. The right to choose to have an abortion is so personal and essential to women's lives that without this right women cannot exercise other fundamental rights and liberties guaranteed by the Constitution (Paltrow 72). The state can't interfere in the private lives of a citizen. Without the right to choose an abortion the 14th Amendment's guarantee of liberty has little meaning for women. With the right to choose abortion, women are able to enjoy, like men, the rights to fully use the powers of their minds and bodies (Paltrow 73). A man can withdraw from a relationship as soon as he finds out about a pregnancy. There is no question of his involve t after that, he has made his choice. It is only fair to say that women should be given the same choice. If one doesn't want to hold the responsibilities of a child than she should be able to have the choice of abortion in her options. " Because contraceptives fail, and because they are not always available or possible to use, abortion is necessary if people are to be able to determine whether and when to "bear or beget a child"(Paltrow 72). Couples choose the alternative of abortion so they can start or expand their families when they feel most ready and able to care for them. Women choose to have an abortion because pregnancy and childbirth can prevent them from keeping their jobs, from feeding their families, and from serving others in ways they consider necessary and appropriate. Pregnancy and child birth may determine whether a women ever gets to start or complete her education, which will significantly influence her ability to support herself and her family. The availability of abortion makes it possible for people not only to choose the number of children they want, but also to create the kind of family life they have always wanted for themselves, to meet their responsibilities. If a women cannot choose to terminate an unwanted pregnancy, she is denied the right to the "possession and control" of her own body. One of the most sacred rights of common law is to choose and if a women can't do this than their most important possession is taken away. Abortion isn't only a women's right, it's a women's choice. However, allowing abortion to be legal is immoral. A pre-born child is given the status of a "product of pregnancy" and never seen as the miracle only a women can create. Compassion for the small one is drowned out under a demand for "rights", but what about the rights for the unborn. "A

Mga ama, mga anak free essay sample

Mga Ama, Mga Anak (Fathers and Sons) is a play in three-acts written by Nick Joaquin in 1976. The original text in English was published in Manila by National Book Store Inc, in 1979. This is based on his short story Three Generations. † This Filipino translation of Nick Joaquins Fathers and Sons dramatizes the conflicts between generations, particularly the father and sons. It tells the conflicts of Zacarias Monzon who used to be powerful in his town. The story revolves from the time he was ill and wheelchair bound, with conflicts in his family still unresolved, until he realizes the cruelty and inadequacies in this family before he dies. CAST: ROBERT AREVALO (Zacarias) SPANKY MANIKAN (Zacarias) NANDING JOSEF (Celo) MARCO VIANA (Chitong) CRIS VILLONCO (Bessie/Pokpok) JACKIELOU BLANCO (Sofia) CELESTE LEGASPI (Sofia) PEEWEE O’HARA (Mrs. Paulo) BANAUE MICLAT (Nena) MADELEINE NICOLAS (Nena) And Tanghalang Pilipino ACTORS COMPANY In 1976, the year Nick Joaquin was declared National Artist for Literature, he rewrote his short story â€Å"Three Generations† into a three-act play titled â€Å"Fathers and Sons. We will write a custom essay sample on Mga ama, mga anak or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page † A year later, future National Artist Lino Brocka directed the first staging of the play at the Philippine Educational Theater Association’s Dulaang Raha Sulayman, an open-air theater housed in the ruins of Fort Santiago in Intramuros. It had been translated into â€Å"Mga Ama, Mga Anak† by Virgilio Almario, another future National Artist, and Pete Lacaba. In its various performances, â€Å"Mga Ama, Mga Anak† featured the talents of Ruben Rubio, Robert Arevalo, Lloyd Samartino, Boots Anson Roa, Hilda Koronel, Alicia Alonso, Butch Aquino, and Joel Lamangan, among others. On Feb. 21, 2014, both Arevalo and Lamangan, now heavyweights in the local entertainment industry, return on stage for Tanghalang Pilipino’s â€Å"Mga Ama, Mga Anak,† almost 37 years after the plays world premiere. Back then, Arevalo played Celo, son of the dying Zacarias Monson, while Lamangan was one of the boys who smashed the massive table at the end of the play. It was Lamangan’s first appearance on stage. For its 2014 edition, Arevalo is now Zacarias the family patriarch, while Lamangan directs the play, which closes the 27th season of the Tanghalang Pilipino. Robert Arevalo (center) leads the cast of Mga Ama, Mga Anak. CCP Tanghalang Pilipino In an interview in between rehearsals at the Cultural Center of the Philippines, Lamangan said he readily grabbed the opportunity to direct a Nick Joaquin work, saying he has not done any of the pieces by the late National Artist. â€Å"When [TP artistic director] Nanding Josef told me I would be directing Mga Ama, Mga Anak, I said yes right away. My first acting job was in a play directed by Brocka called Mga Ama, Mga Anak. I was one of the two men who destroyed the big table at the end of the play,† he said in between sips of coffee. â€Å"In today’s crop of seasoned performers, Robert Arevalo and Spanky Manikan are the closest talents a director can tap to play the role of Zacarias, which demands a big stage presence,† Lamangan said of Arevalo and Manikan, who alternates in essaying the lead role. â€Å"I did not make a mistake in choosing them as lead actors,† he added. Lamangan said while this version of â€Å"Mga Ama, Mga Anak† uses the Lacaba-Almario script in Filipino, he decided to tweak it by removing the winding discussion on religion and death. â€Å"Mga Ama, Mga Anak is one of the most commercial and accessible of Joaquin’s works. It has all the elements of a family drama. The story is about a dying era, the coming in of new inventions. Joaquin once said cultural expressions and lifestyles are being dictated by what is newly invented. In this story, cars are slowly replacing calesas,† he said. Lamangan said the plays story is timeless. â€Å"The conflict is still universal. The conflict is still power. The conflict is still submission. The conflict is still oppression. Bullying is now the form of oppression most common. The young audience can identify. † On his return to a CCP stage for Joaquin’s work, Arevalo said: â€Å"It is very good to be back on stage. Theater or stage is an actor’s medium. Theater work is a more serious endeavor. Acting on stage again is very satisfying professionally and artistically. † â€Å"Like Mga Ama, Mga Anak, the material spells the difference. I do not get roles as meaty as this anymore because of the way show business goes these days. The films and television shows are too youth-oriented and the emphasis is on love teams,† Arevalo said in a separate interview. Celeste Legaspi, on the other hand, said: â€Å"To be back on stage memorizing lines is good for the brain cells. It is a nice challenge. It is my first time to be directed by Joel Lamangan. He is very challenging as a director. He is a very good director. † Legaspi plays Sofia, Zacarias’ daughter-in-law and wife of Celo. She alternates with Jackielou Blanco. Cris Villonco, who plays the role of prostitute Bessie, Zacarias lover, said: â€Å"It is very interesting to be working with these veteran talents. As a young kid, I’ve watched them in my Lola’s Aawitan Kita and her other productions, also in the television shows of my mother. Now I get to share a stage with them. I get to act with them. It is an interesting mix of talents in one show. It is also a lot of fun. † Madeleine Nicolas said â€Å"Mga Ama, Mga Anak† deals with the â€Å"dynamics and tensions of father-son relationships. † â€Å"They always say that a son becomes like his father if he likes him or becomes the opposite if he hates his father. † Banaue Miclat, meanwhile, said the play also tackles the â€Å"universal theme of living in the past and making peace with your past. † â€Å"How do we let go? People can relate to the universal theme of letting go,† she added. Nicolas and Miclat alternate as Nena, Zacarias daughter. Other members of the cast are: Nanding Josef as Celo, Marco Viana as Zacarias grandson Chitong, and Peewee O’Hara as Mrs. Paulo.

Evaluating Social Relationships

Evaluating Social Relationships According to Berk (2006), peer relationships are significant for normal psychological and social behaviors because they allow them to shape models and strategies for successful communication. More importantly, interacting with peers can also create new response mechanisms that can contribute to their normal existence in a social environment. However, children with disabilities might encounter social barriers while learning and communicating with other children due to different strategies they have for interaction (Berk, 2006).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluating Social Relationships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In particular, there are tangible difficulties with processing information due to neurologically predetermined problem, including communicating delays, poor coordination, and problems with memory and socialization (Silver, 2008). While reading, children might have problems with understanding, retrie ving, and processing information they receive while reading. The above-presented challenges prevent children from normal learning and socializing, and the role of counselor lies in introducing alternative, narrow-focused strategies that help disabled children adjust to new learning and social settings (Berk, 2008, p. 604). In particular, specific attention requires the development technologically advanced and specialized counseling, which can contribute to children’s comfortable adaptation to a new environment (Silver, 2008). Creating classes with disabled children may allow children to feel their connection and identity to peers with similar problems. Under these circumstances, peer sociability could be developed through these environments more effectively (Berk, 2006, 470). Berk (2008) argues that children under age 8 focus solely on attitudes and emotions, behaviors, and activities. Once children fail to receive appropriate patterns to respond to social clues, they can exp erience inappropriate decisions, leading to conflicts and wrong decisions. Under these circumstances, sociodramatic play becomes â€Å"especially common during the preschool years and supports cognitive, emotional and social development† (Berk, 2006, p. 606). In addition, psychology can also employ teaching strategies by using models and example of other children with appropriate behaviors. Ericson’s psychological theory focuses on various stages of development. With regard to the case, Catherine belongs to adolescence stage, at which she longs to finding her social and culture identity (Berk, 2006, p. 18). At this point, child upbringing can be perceived in regard with the competences and values that are accepted and needed in society (Berk, 2006, p. 19). Thus, understanding culture’s life situation in which Catherine is placed can provide new perspectives on strategies and techniques for preventing problems.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Sometimes teenagers face difficulties in evaluating their social relationships because of constraints they encounter in a family environment (Berk, 2006). Confronting social and cultural challenges alone does not allow them to define their life goals because aspiration for social recognition and support prevails over desire to self-identification (Berk, 2006, p. 17). Lack of appropriate child rearing, as well as inability of parents and counselors from providing sufficient guidance and support prevent children from understanding potential risk of consuming alcohol and drugs (Berk, 2006, p. 17). Social-cognitive and comprehensive techniques can contribute greatly to Catherine healthy adjustment to a new school environment (Berk, 2006). The strategy involves parental training, sufficient guidance ensured by counselors, and training children to practice empathy and sympathy (Goodlight, 2013). Chi ldren, therefore, should acquire skills for solving social problems and dealing with aggression, which can reduce anti-social behaviors and improve communication with peers and teachers (Berk, 2006). More importantly, teachers must ensure that children can make right choices and make other peers respect them. In such a manner, they will be able to restore their normal communication skills. References Berk, L.E. (2006). Child Development. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Publishing. Goodlight, A. (2013). How to Deal with Children’s Inappropriate Behavior. Consumer Knowledge. Retrieved from https://parenting.knoji.com/how-to-deal-with-childrens-inappropriate-behavior/ Silver, L. B. (2008). How Do You Know If Your Child Might Have a Learning Disability? WETA. Web.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Evaluating Social Relationships specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

What Shapes External Competitiveness (Compensation Strategy) Essay

What Shapes External Competitiveness (Compensation Strategy) - Essay Example 2. The degree of competitiveness being intense, increases in product prices would correspond to lowering of revenues, if undertaken. Thus most judicious producers would adopt a wait-and -watch attitude rather than take up indiscreet steps of hiking prices to serve short-term monetary interests Finally, coming to organizational structure, it is believed that whether the business is labour or capital intensive, technology driven or market driven- all contribute towards the kind of wage or compensation strategy that would be enforced. As a usual practice, firms that are reputed, technology driven and well entrenched pay higher than start ups and growing business houses. In the sphere of external competitiveness, that is wage bargaining, there are several factors which make their mark. The â€Å"comparing of compensation rates of one organization with that of its competitors† is what determines compensation strategy. The relevant compensation strategy that needs to be pursued. It is believed that â€Å"the organization’s plan for how compensation decisions on the types and amount of pay are made, based on the interests of the employees and keeping with the organization’s mission and competitive position in the market.† (Compensation and internal & external equity, 2008, para.3). Besides this, the level at which compensation is payable to staff, executive or top management level is also important as is the kind of individual contributions made by employees at these levels. Quality and quantity of performance, work commitment, loyalty for the cause of the organization and the ability to work harmoniously in a Compensation and internal & external equity. (2008).One step Compensation Framework. Retrieved June 17, 2010, from

Political Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Political Economy - Essay Example The recession and population Growth have been contributing to Income inequalities and at the same time influencing an increased focused on Environmental pollution. The increase in recession and population growth has had a trickledown effect and things have been getting worse as time has gone by. The primary focus of this thesis will be the effects recession and population growth have on triggering income inequality as well as environmental pollution. Financially, the last decade or so has been a debacle for most countries around the world. The term recession has posed as a pest for most economies and has derailed the massive progress the world was making. Money was being flown out of the economic system that was being injected into it. Supplies were not meeting demands and inflation reached its highest. Recession ate down economies all over the world like a pest and all of that resulted in no liquid money being present in the economy. Credit money increased and economies became dangerously short of liquid cash. The spending power of the common man also went down drastically which means no money was being injected in the economy causing the financial state of the world to go worse. To worsen matters, population of the world saw no regression. The world was experiencing an exponential growth in population and as a result, demands were not being met. The world was not producing enough to be able to accommodate and feed the growing population. The common man started facing affordability issues giving way to income inequalities. Income inequalities had their own set of problems. The common man turned to crime and wrongdoings to fulfill his basic needs and this is where crime multiplied in the world. All of it worked in circles and the world situation starting deteriorating. With all the problems mentioned above, the authorities of the world showed increased concern and focus on environmental pollution. The increasing population led to

Marketing Internet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marketing Internet - Essay Example eBay has gained the reputation for serving the kind of services they offer online for millions of clients worldwide. Millions of collectibles, appliances, computers, furniture, equipment, vehicles, and other miscellaneous items are listed, bought, and sold daily (eBay, Wikipedia). eBay business approach comprises mounting profits by increasing international traffic contained by the eBay structure. eBay is continually trying to reach different countries outside the USA, which includes market deals in Asia Pacific and Europe. The company also does acquisition of related business online companies to integrate in their current systems. This strategic approach enables eBay to expand not online in the previous services and business they handle but enlarging its business scale. Consumers and analyst view eBay as a successful business venture with over $4.55 billion total revenues in 2005. Successful as it may seem, why eBay not explore the venture of becoming a brick and mortar industry This may be an issue or another area where eBay may win in the competition though they are already a winner. In a continuing development, large businesses that existed before the invention of the Web (and were therefore bricks and mortar businesses) are becoming clicks and mortar businesses. Companies like eBay.com and others that have never owned a bricks and mortar storefront are usually known as dotcom companies. Considering the brick and mortar business, with having the physical and online business presence, eBay has a lot of opportunities to explore and take into their serious business plan in the future. Like Target Corporation (www.target.com), has practicing this kind of business enterprise as e-commerce since 1999. The corporation started as a specialty discount store and now boomed and became one of a leading merchant store. In United States, there have 1,447 stores. It now has different subsidiaries and planning to expand abroad to reach greater number of consumers. The first few Target stores included leased supermarkets in addition to general merchandise, which during the time was a common practice by discount retailers as they attempted to offer a one-stop shopping experience to customers. As a result, Target stores tend to attract younger and more educated and affluent customers than its competitors. Currently, the median Target shopper is 41 years old, which is the youngest of al l major discount retailers that Target competes directly against (Target Corporation, Wikipedia). eBay may have a behind the scene approach in the e-commerce business and Target Corporation has its own. Ebay started business online while Target Corporation has been on the business since 1960s and just recently moved online to cater consumers who cannot drop by their store outlets across the country. Differentiating their nature may see some advantages and disadvantages of practicing such business. Will one be of gain by practicing the brick and mortar business This engages systematize shipment, access into shops, handling money, signing credit card, selecting/seeing the product, carrying the product and finding the right aisle to get out. Today there are many online stores selling products from books, CD's, flowers, groceries, services, software and more.

Understanding The Relationship Between Political Theory And Ideology Politics Essay

Understanding The Relationship Between Political Theory And Ideology Politics Essay In this essay I make an attempt to differentiate the terms political theory and ideology. I shall also attempt to clarify the meanings used by political theorists. Whilst all theories and ideologies are salient they also possess elements that are contentious or misleading and in turn no matter what political reasoning is developed it in itself can be contested and there are different perspectives and ideologies for any given situation and those perspectives have shaped the modern political landscape and shaped the societies within which we live. Theory or ideas are the toolbox upon which ideology is created. Theory is moulded from philosophy, it is not about coming to a given conclusion or proving a situation, it is an effort to understand through analysis and investigation. Political theory looks at factors such as communities, freedom, equality, social Justice and then attempts to create a model for ideal society by attempting to predict patterns in the future. Empirical political theory is by and large conducted by political science institutions and is intended to describe the What is and from that data try and formulate ideas of What works. Normative political theory is performed mostly by philosophers, legal scholars, and a few political scientists, and attempts to describe how societies ought to be run in essence an opinion of what ought to be as opposed to what is. What can be seen historically is that political theorists seem to be in battle with one another attempting to legitimise their particular view on governmen t, how government should be in their eyes. Some of the modern political theorists include the likes of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau who penned Social contract theories, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels theories of class struggle and Max weber and Ralf Dahrendorf the main authoritative writings on social conflict theory. Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau were Social Contract theorists and critics of the politics in their own societies and expressed this opposition in their explanations of government as it should be, model government. Each had a very different perspective of contractarianism. To Hobbes the State is everything, all powerful and citizens voluntarily give restrictions to their liberty and promise to obey central laws. All individuals make a contract between themselves with an assembly of men to protect their liberty thus they promise to obey the sovereign and in turn have no grounds for complaint against the sovereign. Hobbess view is secular, non-spiritual and thus no allowance of independent political power for religion (Leviathan 1651) à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦. Hobbes theory is one of Absolutism, complete obedience to a single will is necessary to maintain order and security. According to Hobbes without the state and political authority life would be nasty, brutish, and short. In other words an indiv iduals own ego and democracy should be avoided with the monarch being the pinnacle and absolute authority in order for society to survive. John Locke (1689), in contrast to Hobbes, is the founder of the Constitutionalism theory, this is still a social contract theory. This is the theory that is the basis of modern liberal thinking. To Locke God gave the world to mankind as a whole and he also gave the right to life, liberty and estate. Man should live in a state of perfect and complete liberty to conduct ones life as one best sees fit, free from the interference of others (IEP 2011). Each person has personal property rights and the political society is set up to protect those natural rights of life. Each individual consents to be governed by giving some of those rights in return for the state to preserve and protect their rights to life liberty and estate. From this we can deduce that social government has a social duty by way of a social contract to promote and protect the natural rights of its citizens. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1762) Rousseau judged that liberty was possible only where citizens as a whole had direct and full participation in the law making of the land. To Rousseau popular sovereignty was indivisible and inalienable. For Rousseau Citizens have to be able to choose fundamental rules by which they live and citizens must be able to revise them when they choose to do so. During the 18th Century British Citizens were viewed to be unable to do either. The most striking phrase from Rousseaus work is that the individual should be Forced to be free. From this he is saying that if an individual breaks the law then he should be forced to listen to what was decided as a participant of the collective. From the above we can see three perceptions of social political contract theory. Whereas Theory is the toolbox of political thinking Ideology is the workbench. This is where theories come together and are thrashed out in order to make a workable model of society. Ideology was first coined by Desutt de Tracey in 1796 and translates as the science of ideas. It is a belief or set of beliefs that individuals and political parties base their actions. Ideology contains three major steps. The first is the actual ideas themselves followed by a vision, goals of how society ought to be and finally methodological policy for modification or improvement detailing ways of attaining the goals created from the vision. Ideologies are developed because the theory of reality is often too convoluted to be understood and almost always are biased towards a particular group. Ideology has also been criticised for being the tool of ruling classes, allowing dominant sections of society to maintain their status and position in the hierarchy. Perhaps one problem of Ideology is that it can o ver simplify society and in turn mislead what is reality. Government parties have core ideology values and whilst in power that ideological approach is forced upon those that they govern, they accept a set of ideas and beliefs and those are not to be disputed. Marxism, developed by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels during the 19th Century is possibly the most read and recited of all ideologies, even though Marx himself did not believe that his ideas were ideological. To Marx Ideology was production of ideas, of conceptions, of consciousness, all that men say, imagine, conceive, and include such things as politics, laws, morality, religion, metaphysics. Marx and Engels Marxist ideology evolved around inequality and class division. The Marxist theory clearly defines that there is a struggle in life between a dominant class, the bourgeoisie, and an oppressed class, the proletariat. Thus the ideology, also the basis of the modern Socialist movement, is concerned with economic justice. From this Marx and Engels belief is that if you remove the means of production, thus the power, from the elitist bourgeoisie and transfer it to state control or to the workers, the proletariat, then you achieve economic justice and will be the end of exploitation of the oppressed. Marxist ideology does not embrace the Locke theory of individual right to personal property by actually advocating the abolition of such. Liberalism draws very much on the work of John Lockes social contract theory. It is concerned with maximum freedom for individuals, within the guidelines of the law. There should also be minimum interference from the state with regards to the divine rights of the individual. Liberalism is often thought of as probably the most dominant ideologies in the modern political landscape. This is probably because they are committed to build and safeguard free, fair and open societies, in which they seek to balance the fundamental values of liberty, equality and community, and in which no one is enslaved by poverty, ignorance or conformity thus Liberalism actively promotes the dilution of power, encourages diversity and promotes creativity of the individual. Conservatism values the status-quo and actually rejects change and reform and views such action as dangerous and counterproductive. Unlike liberalism Conservatism argues that political society develops gradually over time out of custom and human experience and that there is no social contract, challenging authority is destabilising and dangerous. Core values for conservative government are to provide for human needs, especially the needs for order, stability and control. Government is not formed to protect rights in fact; the lack of order destroys society. Where theory is about one element of society ideology is multi-faceted whereby it encompasses a set of ideas/theories. Both theory and Ideology have the views of what is, what works and what ought to be. Without theory there could be no Ideology. I agree that each is different, to a point, and yet related. The difference is that the theory is written by and for professionals in the social science fields and the ideology is set out to make such theory digestible to the masses and helps the individual to understand their position in the social order. Government policy is affected by the relentless march of political theory, as society adapts to new policy and changes in the distribution of power so new theories emerge that further change the ideological approaches of those who wield the sword of power. Word count: 1507

Great Essentials for Happiness Essay

Joseph Addison â€Å"The great essentials for happiness in this life are something to do, something to love and something to hope for.† Joseph Addison, a pre-twentieth-century essayist, was an impressive writer. Within his lifetime, he wrote numerous essays and plays, compiled a book on the lives of seven authors, and translated Virgil’s Georgic. While he was alive, the Battle of Blenheim was fought, inspiring one of his most famous and poems. Much of his works were shaped by the contextual influences all around him. Addison was the oldest son of a reverend. He was born on May 1, 1672 in Milston, Wiltshire, England (Joseph Addison 1). His family was very supportive of his writing, and often listened to his latest scribblings proudly. This attention and support is surely what started his successful writing career. Joseph Addison attended Lichfield Grammar School in Salisbury until he was fourteen years old. It was at that age that he was enrolled in the Charterhouse (an English independent school founded in 1611) in London (Joseph Addison 1). While attending the Charterhouse school, he met Richard Steele, a man who became a great friend of Addison’s. In 1687, he moved on to enter Queen’s College, Oxford along with his friend Richard Steele (Biography of Joseph Addison 1). In college, he set himself apart by his scholarship and his shyness. After showing exceptional skill in Latin verse, he won the election for a position as a Demy (a scholar) to Magdalen College in 1689. He was a fellow there from 1697 to 1711, meaning that although he had graduated, he stayed on to work with some of the other graduates and professors in the pursuit of mutual knowledge (Joseph Addison 1). Addison lost no time after his graduation, immediately publishing a book on the lives and works of several of the great English poets. This book, along with a commemorative poem on the Battle of Blenheim, caught the attention of a few very influential people. In Addison they saw a writer whose works could be potentially used in service to the crown (Biography of Joseph Addison 1). Through Lord Keeper Somers, an influential Whig statesman, and Charles Montague, later known as the earl of Halifax, Addison obtained a royal pension. This pension allowed him to travel abroad while studying politics and continuing to write essays (Joseph Addison (1672-1719) 1). His travels lasted from 1699 to 1704. During these five years abroad, Joseph Addison made the acquaintance of several English diplomats and European men of letters, one of which Addison himself had studied to become (Joseph Addison (1672-1719) 1). He started out in France and continued on to Italy, the place that was inspiration for his essay â€Å"Remarks on Several Parts of Italy† (1705) and the rhymed epistle â€Å"A Letter from Italy† (1704). Below, a brief excerpt from Addison’s essay â€Å"Remarks on Several Parts of Italy† (1705) boasts of his luminous writing style and trademark lively personality while writing: THERE is certainly no Place in the World where a Man may Travel with greater Pleasure and Ad|vantage than in Italy. One finds something more particu|lar in the Face of the Country, and more astonishing in the Works of Nature, than can be met with in any other Part of Europe. It is the great School of Musick and Painting, and contains in it all the noblest Productions of Statuary and Architecture both Ancient and Mo|dern. It abounds with Cabinets of Curiosities, and vast Collections of all Kinds of Antiquities. No o|ther Country in the World has such a Variety of Governments, that are so different in their Constitu|tions, and so refined in their Po|liticks (1). When writing, Joseph Addison’s shy, unassuming personality hides away to release a much brighter and more amiable side of him. From there, his travels continued to Switzerland, where he came to an abrupt, albeit temporary, stand-still (Biography of Joseph Addison 1). His travels were interrupted by some rather unfortunate news. While in Geneva during the March of 1702 he learned of the death of King William III, which resulted in his financial backers, Somers and Montague (the earl of Halifax), losing their positions (Joseph Addison (1672-1719) 1). This loss of income, however, did not prevent him from continuing his adventures abroad. He spent the next two years wondering through Austria, the German states, and the Netherlands before finding his way back into England in 1704 (Biography of Joseph Addison 1). Following his return to England, Joseph Addison was made (thanks in part to the publication of his poem The Campaign) the Under-Secretary of State. He kept this position for two years before becoming secretary and the keeper of records for the lord-lieutenant of Ireland (Joseph Addison (1672-1719) 1). In 1711, a change in the ministry lost him yet another government position, and he turned his eyes yet again towards writing as a means of occu pation (Joseph Addison 1). With renewed vigor he once again took to writing essays, this time doing the work for his old friend Steele’s paper, the Tatler. Joseph Addison contributed 42 works to the Tatler, which ran for about two years. Following the discontinuation of the Tatler in January of 1711, Joseph Addison and Richard Steele began publishing the periodical The Spectator (Joseph Addison (1672-1719) 1). One of his first essays published in The Spectator, â€Å"West Minister Abbey† is a beautiful example of the characteristic ease and elegance prose of his lifetime. Many of his essays during this time were a call to arms for the people of England, calling for them to rise to â€Å"higher levels of living and thinking† and aiming to awaken in them a passion to restore their great nation to its old glory. The essay is gloomy, reflecting Addison’s own reflections on death and acknowledging it as the great provider of equity, for as he so eloquently states: Upon this, I began to consider with myself what innumerable multitudes of people lay confused together under the pavement of that ancient cathedral †¦ how beauty, strength, and youth, with old age, weakness, and deformity, lay undistinguished in the same promiscuous heap of matter (2-3). The Spectator was published daily, and it grew to great popularity among the people of England. The Spectator’s political quips and insights into life and the state of their nation lent it a great deal of influence over the people of that time. Of the 555 or so essays featured in the periodical, Addison composed 274 (Biography of Joseph Addison 1). The Spectator lasted 3.5 years and was one of the few bright spots in Joseph Addison’s rather uneventful life, which was filled with personal disappointments (Joseph Addison (1672 -1719) 1). One such disappointment was his marriage to the Dowager Countess of Warwick. They were wed in 1716, and with his bride came a step-son who he had previously tutored. However, all was not bliss in the life of the newlyweds. His wife was said to be arrogant and unsatisfiable; constantly belittling him and pointing out his every short coming (Biography of Joseph Addison 1).. To make matters worse, he lost his position in Parliament due to his painfully overbearing shyness. He died a year later on June 17, 1719 (Joseph Addison (1672-1719) 1). Ironically, Joseph Addison wrote an essay titled â€Å"Defence and Happiness of Married Life† in 1712, four years before his unhappy marriage to the Dowager Countess. In this essay, he writes through the persona of Philogamus in support of marriage, listing the many advantages and enjoyments a married man may experience. After taking a look at his life and then rereading â€Å"Defence and Happiness of Married Life† (1712) one finds it quite ironic to realize that one of the greatest joys of marriage as put-forth is one that he himself was denied in his own marriage: You must have observed, in your Speculations on Human Nature, that nothing is more gratifying to the Mind of Man than Power or Dominion; and this I think my self amply possessed of, as I am the Father of a Family. I am perpetually taken up in giving out Orders, in prescribing Duties, in hearing Parties, in Administering Justice, and in distributing Rewards and Punishments. To speak in the Language of the Centurion, I say unto one, go, and he goeth; and to another, come and he cometh; and to my Servant, do this, and he doeth it. In short, Sir, I look upon my Family as a Patriarchal Sovereignty, in which I am my self both King and Priest (1). Joseph Addison took anything life happened to throw at him and managed to twist it into a delightful essay or haunting poem. Though his life was filled with disappointments, both in his personal life and in his political career, Addison managed to produce numerous essays and poems as well as a book and to top it all off, he co-produced three separate periodicals along with his friend Richard Steele. His writing hints at the contextual influences all around him. Bibliography Addison, Joseph. â€Å"Defence and Happiness of Married Life†. The Spectator. 03 October 1712. Web. 06 May 2013. Addison, Joseph. â€Å"Remarks on Several Parts of Italy†. 1705. Web. 06 May 2013. Addison, Joseph. â€Å"Westminster Abbey†. The Spectator. 30 March 1711. Web. 06 May 2013. < http://addison.classicauthors.net/WestminsterAbbey/> â€Å"Biography of Joseph Addison†. PoemHunter. Web. 06 May 2013. â€Å"Joseph Addison (1672-1719)†. Luminarium. Web. 06 May 2013. â€Å"Joseph Addison†. Encyclopà ¦dia Britannica Online. Web. 06 May. 2013 .

Invictus †Path Goal Theory Essay

â€Å"Invictus†, is a powerful movie representing what Nelson Mandela taking the office as the first black president of South Africa and set to accomplish great things. Nelson Mandela was the founder and lead of the African National Congress and spent 27 years in prison on charges for sabotage against the white military and government to end apartheid. The movie starts with his release from prison on February 11, 1990 greeted by the black population eager to fight while the white population was expecting the worse from it. The environment factors changed dramatically for Nelson and he found himself ready to forgive those that imprisoned him and call them comrades. His amazing strength of character can be recognized in the movie and the Path-Goal Theory’s leadership behaviors can be found along with them. Path Goal Theory Path-Goal Theory argued that subordinates’ motivation, satisfaction and work performance are dependent on the leadership style chosen by their superior. Moreover, a person may perform these by adopting a certain leadership style, based on the situation. I’ve picked Nelson Mandela as the leader. Mandela has a very difficult task of uniting a country that has been for so long divided and full of hatreds. After his release the black people started riots and Mandela addressed them as a directive leader to the black crowd in Durban, on February 25, 1990 asking to lay down the arms and end the war, saying â€Å"My message to those involved in this battle of brother against brother is this: take your guns, your knives, and your pangas and throw them into the sea. Close down the death factories. End this war now! † Mandela speaks clearly about what’s required of South Africa and give them directions to accomplish it. He realized that his embattled country needs to unite efforts regarding of race to be able to build a future together. Once a fighter against the regime, he realizes now that only peace and unified efforts can lead to progress and leaving peacefully together. He sets directives as such. Later on, when he won the presidential elections and he is sworn as a president on May 10, 1994 and he wants the best for his country, to stop the suffering and suppression of his people, he asks for building a new country together. â€Å"We must act together as a united people, or national reconciliation, for nation building, for the birth of a new world†¦Never, never and never again shall it be that this beautiful land will again experience the oppression of one by another and suffer the indignity of being the skunk of the world. † His message is directive, strong and clear. He had an amazing ability to change depending on the environment contingency factors. On the first day to take office the President Mandela talks to the staff of the former president when he sees them packing and assuming that they’ll get fired from their positions and they are no longer needed. He becomes a supportive leader and asks for their help. He combines it with directive leadership asking them to do their work to their best abilities. â€Å"If you want to leave that’s your right; that you can’t work with your new government leave but if you pack because your language, color or you work for the previous president disqualifies you have no fear. The past is the past. We look into future and we want your help. If you want to stay you’ll do your country a huge favor. Best abilities and a good heart. I promise to do the same. Our country will be shining†. This shows Mandela strong support and commitment for understanding and unifying efforts among white and blacks. Addressing to a white majority with kind words and pledge and asking for help proves one more time Mandela’s ability to change his leadership style according to the situation and change. Mandela’s commitment to a supportive leader surface again when he assigns four white men to the security team and talk to the head of the security that has assignment concerns since the white security forces were the very men that fought against them and may have killed their friends and colleagues. Mandela shows support and consideration to the chief’s feelings and takes the time to explain why he made the decision. â€Å"Reconciliation starts here†¦ Forgiveness starts here, too. Forgiveness liberates the soul. It removes fear. This is why it’s such a powerful weapon. Please Jason, try. † The president appeals at the very inner soul of the security chief. To help people reaching to the same goal Mandela saw a rare opportunity in the rugby team. He knew that blacks spent years to hate the game and the Springbok, the rugby team, since for them it represented the white supremacy and their boycott hurt them. Mandela himself admits doing just the same while in prison on the Robben Island. This time he thinks about using Springbok to unite people and that the team needs to become winners. With one year until World Rugby Cup 1995 to be played in South Africa, and him just taking office, Mandela doesn’t lose time and invites Francois Pienaar, the Springbok captain, for tea in his office to indirectly letting him know about what achievement is expecting of him: to win the World Rugby Cup in 1995 that would be hosted by South Africa. â€Å"You have a difficult job. Captain of the Springbok†¦ We need to exceed our expectations. † said Mandela. This accomplishment was very challenging since the rugby team’s performance was low but president set up his expectations very high requiring the team to perform accordingly. One important moment of Mandela’s directive leader abilities are captured when he fights the new Rugby Sport Association, composed of mostly blacks, to not drop Springbok’ name, emblem and the team colors. As we can see, Mandela was not only challenged by the white population but by his black people, too. The blacks don’t support the team because they viewed it as it represents the prior suppression. However, Mandela saw as his duty to keep the Springbok’s name, emblem and colors. â€Å"You reached a decision with insufficient info and foresight. I am here to ask you to restore Springbok, the name, emblem and color because , learn enemy to prevail, enemy is not Africana, they are partners in democracy, they treasure Springbok rugby, if we take it away we lose them. We prove that we are what they feared we would be. We have to be better than that. To surprise with with compassion, generosity. They denied us but this is not revenge time, we have to build the nation using every brick, even if it’s green and gold. You elect me as leader. Let me lead you know. Who is with me? † Mandela asks the current leaders to change tactics and work towards a peaceful environment. It’s a lot to ask but Mandela’s strong commitment for unity prevails. The very task of uniting the country through rugby shows a supportive leader towards white’s value and love for a sport that meant the world to them: rugby. â€Å"Rugby is a human calculation. If we take away what they cherish we enforce the circle of fear. I must do what it takes to break the circle. † Mandela even learns the name of the players to be able to address them by name making it very personally and proving his concerns for their well-being. Mandela showed participative leader skills in the movie by working closely with his stuff on key decisions; however, since the movie revolves around rugby we can see him consulting more with the Minister of Sports to understand how the rugby team can get better until the world cup. He learns the rugby game, rules of the games, qualifications in the world cup and the audience the sport reaches. â€Å"A billion people watch us? What a great opportunity! † He learns about the New Zealand team history to understand Springbok chances to win. â€Å"How can we beat them†? It’s not enough, not when we are so close. This country is ready for greatness. It’s amazing to see how one person that once hated even the world rugby and wanted Springbok to lose now puts every effort in the positive direction to participate and contribute towards winning. Expectancy Theory of Motivation Expectancy theory argues that the strength of a tendency to act in a certain way depends on the strength of our expectations of a given outcome and its attractiveness. There are links to it: the effort that leads to performance (effort), performance that lead to rewards (performance) and the reward that satisfy the personal goals (reward). One follower of President Mandela’s leadership is the security chief, Jason. His assignment is to be president’s bodyguard. His effort goes into protecting the newly black elected president, which is a big task on hand. When the white security forces join the team he makes a special effort to work together as explained above understanding that the whites are very well trained and he needed extra people. His performance depends on his team performance. Jason’s efforts go into extra precautions when the president attends the rugby games. He knows that performing his job very well is the only way he can protect the president. The movie doesn’t portrait a money reward upon performing very well. The reward comes in pride of protecting the president and willing to sacrifice his own life to protect presidents’. His well performed job was satisfying his personal goal of protecting the president. In a way his willingness to follow the president’s advice of reconciliation leads to a good bodyguard team and turns into a good teamwork. The scene where they all play rugby proves one more time the good relationships and their unique goal of taking care of the president. Springbok captain, Francois Pienaar, proves to have strength to act on the of president’s expectations. Francois’ meeting with the President Mandela is a turning point in his career. He is asked to perform better than anyone expected and his efforts will be recognized by the president himself. The fact that the president shows interest in his performance makes him want to put every effort in achieving the unthinkable: to win the world cup. The president’s trust in his abilities makes him believe that his work will lead to performance. To inspire him to perform better the president asks the captain how he inspires the team and what his philosophy on leadership is. â€Å"Sometimes by using the work of other†¦Words helped me to stand up when all I wanted was to lay down. The song inspires me to do better. † Mandela was referring to the national South Africa song, â€Å"God Bless Africa†. He also was referring to the â€Å"Invictus† a poem whose words kept him going while he was in prison. At one point he writes the poem on a paper and gives it to the rugby captain for inspiration to perform better. The captain puts the effort in to teach his team the song knowing it will lead to better performance. The Springbok is asked to perform clinics around the country and he complies understanding that times change and they need to change as well. The team puts the effort into it and manages to perform the clinics. The smiles on the black kids’ faces when they are teach rugby by the national team is a reward to their effort to change and contribute to the unity effort. Another turning point is when the captain takes them to the island where the president was in prison. They visit the prison to get a feeling for what the president experienced. The president’s prison cell had a just a tin mattress on the floor and a chair. He remembers the poem and understands the deep meaning and his fight for survival. â€Å"I am a master of my faith. I am the captain of my soul. † He knows that his hard work will be paid off and he has a good shot to win the cup that will mean a lot to his embattled country just like the president’s long fight was rewarded with his freedom. In a way winning the World Cup was liberation from the long battle between blacks and whites. It was his duty to fight now and win. The Springbok won every game in the World Rugby Cup and it culminated with the finals play against the New Zealand, which was an unstoppable team. They won the finals, too. It’s an historic moment for every person in the country but it was an extraordinary moment of reward when the president himself dressed in a Springbok shirt and wearing their hat gives the cup to the Springbok captain. The captain aimed for performance beyond expectations and achieved the best. His personal goal was achieved. Springbok’s captain is a good example of the Expectancy Theory of Motivation given the motivation and relationship that he builds with the president. But Springbok’s captain can’t accomplish his task by himself. His team is another example of a follower of captain’s dream and goal. Captain becomes the leader and his team the followers. Their own effort to train better, to reach to the black kids, to learn the national anthem, perform the best to their abilities and beyond, and believe in the winning it’s rewarded by winning the World Rugby Cup 1995. They are bought slowly in by the captain belief for a better performance and play. They see their efforts fructify with every game won and push forward with an ecstasy and growing enthusiasm never felt before. One touching moment is right before the finals when they sing the anthem along with the whole stadium. When the president comes and shakes their hand in their own shirt and colors they are proud of their efforts and hard work. This is a completely different picture than the one at the first game when almost everyone boomed the president when he shook the hands of the team. At the end of the game with New Zeeland, the president presents the cup to Francois saying, â€Å"Francois thank you for what you’ve done for the country. And Francois replied, â€Å"No, Mr. President. Thank you for what you’ve done. † â€Å"One team one country† finally became reality. People celebrated the victory regardless of their gender and color. The victory was felt sweet and there couldn’t have been a better reward than feeling pride of a job very well done. This was one historic moment that will always be cherished by South Africa.

IKEA Marketing Case Study Essay Example

IKEA Marketing Case Study Essay Example IKEA Marketing Case Study Paper IKEA Marketing Case Study Paper Burke Case Analysis weaknesses (positioning, weak online sales, etc. ) in the U. S market into a great opportunities. Define the Problem: Adapting to an ever-aging U. S market where the only thing constant, is change. KEA must develop ways to change and position themselves in a way that they are ahead of the power- curve. With companies that have many more locations and convenient one-stop- shopping such as Target and Walter; KEA must develop a competitive market advantage (that spans beyond simply cost and modern product). Furthermore, KEA must overcome the stigma of being a do-it-yourself retailer in order to compete with companies with whom have reputations and a long history of success such as Home Depot. Background of the Situation: KEA has multiple strengths including: A modern image. A green image. A highly efficient operation that is 51 percent self-sufficient. A 7 percent annual growth rate An anti-bureaucratic image that is promulgated by upper management working in hands on Jobs (cashiers, loaders, etc. ) Ahead of the game with a daycare and restaurants to keep customers in the store longer KEA also has several weaknesses: Marketing in primary countries that is not conducive to the U. Gs conservative ways. Average U. S consumer not being the best target for the do-it-yourself approach. Their ways as far as how they market (word of mouth) Kikes sub-par website forces consumers to shop at the nearest location. Not a well trusted name for products such as mattresses Opportunities: Although there are many elderly individuals who do not like the DID approach there are a vast number of young adults, who can be targeted to become lifelong customers. Threats: Losing market-share to larger retailers. More trusted companies following Kikes trend and stealing from the market share Metric to Test Success: KEA targets market segments based on the following: age, lifestyle, the benefit the buyer is seeking, and the income level. For my solution, I believe the metric for success is simply; do over 66% of my college aged students return every 2 to 4 years. Furthermore, does this happen at least twice? An example is when a young adult completes his or her undergrad, do they return to purchase starter furniture(for a first rented apartment or first purchased home) ? Key Issues: High cost of simply adding more brick and mortar locations Even with 9500 different products, customization is still important Solution 1 . ) Simply adding several brick and mortar locations on top of the existing 38 current U. S locations is both costly and a long fix to a problem that may hold a quicker solution. Positives: More locations to operate means larger market to serve (potentially) Would be easier to ship to more places Negatives: High cost of building Time spent is money spent All orders would be shipped from on central distribution center in the Midwest (cost would be the deciding factor of the final location. More focus on countries with a larger market. Easy distribution from a single point Giving away potential buyers and potential customers. Furthermore, some customers you have already acquired and could be life long customers. Solution 3. ) Creating electronic kiosks supplemented by a rep that can travel to large college campuses within a sixty mile radius of college campuses. These Kiosks can feature the same AD benefits of the existing app, such as dimensions and multiple angles. This furniture would be customizable with University specific covers that would not effect that packaging of Kikes already well efficiently cadged, shipped, stored, and distributed products. Orders of a certain cost would then be delivered and assembled free of charge. Can test to see how much customization would really impact U. S consumers. Much more cost effective than building new locations. Targeting customers that may otherwise not purchase furniture due to the extraneous amount of travel Shifting away from the do it yourself stigma by having products assembled on site Potentially creating lifelong customers. Cost of delivery and assembly Liability of delivery and assembly Additional cost of University specific colors and covers may not outweigh the

Free Essays on Algerias Colonialism

Before discussing the experience of colonization of French in Algeria, it is necessary to give a definition of the term â€Å"Colonialism† as used in the following context. According to the Dictionary of Social Sciences, the term represents â€Å"the system of political and economic administration whereby a dominant country controls and exploits the resources of dominated peoples, who are often of a different culture.† Likewise, in the Dictionary of Critical Social Sciences, a colony is defined as â€Å"a poor or weak country that is occupied by the military and/or police forces of a more powerful country.† It seems that French control of Algeria definitely meets the dictionary definition of colonialism. Back in early African history, Europeans colonized and infiltrated African civilizations in order to make a profit and to be known as a superior nation. By doing this, European colonists changed and transformed the traditional African lifestyle. African’s were willing to let the colonists join them, but the Europeans went too far when they took over governments and tried to rule over the Africans. This colonization led to many problems in Africa that still affect modern day Africa. According to the European Colonization map, it shows that France and Great Britain ruled most of the Northern Part of Africa. There were two ways to rule colonies; direct rule (French) and indirect rule (Great Britain). The difference between these two different types of governing was that indirect rule was when a local chief or leader ruled the colony, but was used as just a messenger from a higher power of authority, in this case, the British. The British would make the laws for the ruler to enforce, and he would do it. In the case of direct rule, the country that colonized the country, ruled it. The French ruled their colonies in Africa and enforced their own rules, rather than let a local leader do it. And a good example of this is Algeria. In ... Free Essays on Algeria's Colonialism Free Essays on Algeria's Colonialism Before discussing the experience of colonization of French in Algeria, it is necessary to give a definition of the term â€Å"Colonialism† as used in the following context. According to the Dictionary of Social Sciences, the term represents â€Å"the system of political and economic administration whereby a dominant country controls and exploits the resources of dominated peoples, who are often of a different culture.† Likewise, in the Dictionary of Critical Social Sciences, a colony is defined as â€Å"a poor or weak country that is occupied by the military and/or police forces of a more powerful country.† It seems that French control of Algeria definitely meets the dictionary definition of colonialism. Back in early African history, Europeans colonized and infiltrated African civilizations in order to make a profit and to be known as a superior nation. By doing this, European colonists changed and transformed the traditional African lifestyle. African’s were willing to let the colonists join them, but the Europeans went too far when they took over governments and tried to rule over the Africans. This colonization led to many problems in Africa that still affect modern day Africa. According to the European Colonization map, it shows that France and Great Britain ruled most of the Northern Part of Africa. There were two ways to rule colonies; direct rule (French) and indirect rule (Great Britain). The difference between these two different types of governing was that indirect rule was when a local chief or leader ruled the colony, but was used as just a messenger from a higher power of authority, in this case, the British. The British would make the laws for the ruler to enforce, and he would do it. In the case of direct rule, the country that colonized the country, ruled it. The French ruled their colonies in Africa and enforced their own rules, rather than let a local leader do it. And a good example of this is Algeria. In ...